Experimental study of biogas combustion and emissions for a micro gas turbine

Liu, Aiguo; Yang, Yudong; Chen, Lei; Zeng, Wen; Wang, Chengjun

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117312

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This represents an advantage in making it possible to predict a phenomenon behavior and make corrections to designs before they are built. Several investigations have been carried out not only in swirling induced combustion chambers (CCs) [4,29,33,[37][38][39] but also in biogas-powered CCs [3,7,16], as well as on their corresponding behavior regarding pollutant emissions [37,[40][41][42], obtaining similar results to the experimental models. In order to better match experimental results with the numerical model, it is necessary to select the correct turbulence model.…”

Section: Effect Of Swirling Flows In Flamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is used as a power source to produce heat or steam and electric power and as a vehicle fuel [5,6]. Biogas is a product of the decomposition of organic waste in the absence of O 2 , and it is widely produced in landfills or anaerobic digesters [7]. Volumetric fraction of CH 4 in biogas has a range of 50-75% [8], with CO 2 being the remaining percentage.…”

Section: Introduction 1biogasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Effect of a Swirler with a High Swirl Number in a Biogas Combustor

et al. 2021

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Climate change as a worldwide phenomenon is the cause of multinational agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement with the goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Biogas is one of the most promising biofuels for the integration of clean energy sources; however, biogas has the disadvantage of a low calorific value. To overcome this problem, mechanical devices such as swirlers are implemented in combustion chambers (CCs) to increase their combustion efficiencies. A swirler induces rotation in the airstream that keeps a constant re-ignition of the air–fuel mixture in the combustion. We present the numerical modeling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and experimental testing of combustion with biogas in a CC, including an optimized swirler in the airstream with a swirl number (Sn) of 2.48. A turbulence model of the renormalization group (RNG) was used to analyze the turbulence. Chemistry was parameterized using the laminar flamelet model. The numerical model allows visualizing the recirculation zone generated at the primary zone, and partially at the intermediate zone of the CC caused by the strong swirl. Temperature distribution profiles show the highest temperatures located at the intermediate and dilution zones, with the last one being a characteristic feature of biogas combustion. A strong swirl in the airstream generates low-velocity zones at the center of the CC. This effect centers flame, avoiding hot spots near the flame tube and flashback at the structural components. Regarding pollutant emissions, the goal of a biogas that generates less pollutants than nonrenewable gases is accomplished. It is observed that the mole fraction of NO in the CC is close to zero, while the mole fraction of CO2 after combustion is lowered compared to the original mole fraction contained in the biogas (0.25). The mole fraction of CO2 obtained in experimental tests was 0.0127. Results obtained in the numerical model for temperatures and mole fractions of CO2 and NO show a behavior similar to that of the experimental model. Experimental results for mole fraction of CO emissions are also presented and have a mean value of 0.0009. This value lies within allowed pollutant emissions for CO according to national environmental regulations.

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Section: Effect Of Swirling Flows In Flamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction 1biogasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Effect of a Swirler with a High Swirl Number in a Biogas Combustor

et al. 2021

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“…After sampling, the characteristic temperature of the combustion chamber can be obtained by Eq. (15). From this, the ratio of the characteristic temperature in the combustion chamber to the outlet temperature of the combustion chamber can be calculated as follows: It is emphasized that this ratio is based on the combustion chamber model from the experiments of Heitor et al.…”

Section: Nitrogen Oxide Emission Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also a large body of research on NOx emissions from micro gas turbines. These include experimental and numerical simulations of the combustion and emissions of micro gas turbines fuelled by pure ammonia or methane-ammonia [11][12][13]; experimental studies of the combustion and emissions of micro gas turbines fuelled by biofuels [14][15][16]; numerical simulations of the effect of pressure and fuel-air unmixedness on NOx emissions from gas turbines [17]; experimental studies of a new combustion chamber structure to reduce NOx emissions [18]; numerical simulations and experimental studies of the emissions of micro gas turbines fuelled by syngas [19,20]; numerical simulations of the emissions of micro gas turbines fuelled by vegetable oil or vegetable oil mixtures [21,22], etc. Most of the above studies have predicted or measured NOx generation from micro gas turbines based on the specific combustion conditions in complex flow fields in combustion chambers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal calculations and NOx emission analysis of a micro gas turbine system without a recuperator

et al. 2022

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A thermal calculation based on a table of thermal properties of gas was carried out for a micro gas turbine system without a recuperator. The performance parameters of the micro gas turbine system were obtained. The results of the thermal calculations were verified using Aspen Plus, and it shows that the thermal calculations fit well with the Aspen simulation results. Based on this thermal calculation method, the variation of the performance parameters of the micro gas turbine system under different pressure and temperature ratios was analyzed. The results show that there is no optimum pressure ratio within the general design parameters of micro gas turbines, which leads to extreme values of thermal efficiency. The NOx generation in the combustion chamber of the micro gas turbine based on the Zeldovich mechanism was modeled and analyzed by coupling the one-dimensional thermal calculation model with the NOx emission model. The relationship between NOx generation rate, molar fuel factor, the characteristic pressure, and the characteristic temperature was obtained. The results of the analysis show that, in terms of controlling NOx emissions from a gas turbine, the use of an increased pressure ratio has a significant advantage over an increased temperature ratio to improve the thermal efficiency of the micro gas turbine.

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“…For instance, because the low calorific value gas (such as biogas and landfill gas) has low adiabatic flame temperature, low burning velocity, and high radiant heat loss because of the presence of massive diluents (such as CO 2 and N 2 ) in fuel gas, the flame resistance to extinction was rather weaker than the methane flame. 2 , 3 Additionally, flame quenching is a common occurrence in microscale combustion devices (such as micro gas turbine and micro thermo-photovoltaic applications) because of the excessive depletion of reactive radicals at the combustor walls. 4 , 5 Therefore, studies on flame extinction may be valuable for the design of extinction-resistant combustors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of H₂ Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame

et al. 2020

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Flame extinction is one of the most essential critical flame features in combustion because of its relevance to combustion safety, efficiency, and pollutant emissions. In this paper, detailed simulations were conducted to investigate the effect of H 2 addition on dimethyl ether spherical diffusion flame in microgravitational condition, in terms of flame structure, flammability, and extinction mechanism. The mole fraction of H 2 in the fuel mixture was varied from 0 to 15% by 5% in increment. The chemical explosive mode analysis (CEMA) method was employed to reveal the controlling physicochemical processes in extinction. The results show that the cool flame in microgravitational diffusive geometry had the “double-reaction-zone” structure which consisted of rich and lean reaction segments, while the hot flame featured the “single-reaction-zone” structure. We found that the existence of “double-reaction-zone” was responsible for the stable self-sustained cool flame because the lean zone merged with the rich zone when the cool flame was close to extinction. Additionally, the effect of H 2 addition on the cool flame was distinctively different from that of the hot flame. Both hot- and cool-flame flammability limits were significantly extended because of H 2 addition but for different reasons. Besides, for each H 2 addition case, the chemical explosive mode eigenvalues with the complex number appeared in the near-extinction zone, which implies the oscillation nature of flame in this zone which may induce extinction before the steady-state extinction turning point on the S -curve. Furthermore, as revealed by CEMA analysis, contributions of the most dominated species for extinction changed significantly with varying H 2 additions, while contributions of the key reactions for extinction at varying H 2 additions were basically identical.

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Experimental study of biogas combustion and emissions for a micro gas turbine

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Effect of a Swirler with a High Swirl Number in a Biogas Combustor

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Effect of a Swirler with a High Swirl Number in a Biogas Combustor

Thermal calculations and NOx emission analysis of a micro gas turbine system without a recuperator

Effects of H₂ Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame

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Experimental study of biogas combustion and emissions for a micro gas turbine

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Effect of a Swirler with a High Swirl Number in a Biogas Combustor

Numerical and Experimental Analysis of the Effect of a Swirler with a High Swirl Number in a Biogas Combustor

Thermal calculations and NOx emission analysis of a micro gas turbine system without a recuperator

Effects of H2 Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame

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Product

Resources

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Effects of H₂ Addition on Flammability Dynamics and Extinction Physics of Dimethyl Ether in Laminar Spherical Diffusion Flame