Experimental study of balanced optical homodyne and heterodyne detection by controlling sideband modulation

Li, Wei; Yu, Xudong; Meng, Ziqiang; Jin, Yuanbin; Zhang, Jing

doi:10.1007/s11433-015-5718-z

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Both homodyne and heterodyne architectures have been investigated for ultrasound signal detection [ 157 , 158 ]. In homodyne mode, interference occurs between beams of the same frequency, and the phase difference of the beams results in an intensity modulation of the detected light [ 159 ]. On the other hand, in heterodyne mode, the interference occurs between beams with different frequencies, generating an interference with one constant component and one oscillating component where the amplitude of the oscillating component is proportional to the product of the interfering beams [ [160] , [161] , [162] , [163] ].…”

Section: Non-contact Photoacoustic Signal Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards non-contact photoacoustic imaging [review]

Hosseinaee

Bell

et al. 2020

Photoacoustics

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Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) takes advantage of both optical and ultrasound imaging properties to visualize optical absorption with high resolution and contrast. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is usually categorized with all-optical microscopy techniques such as optical coherence tomography or confocal microscopes. Despite offering high sensitivity, novel imaging contrast, and high resolution, PAM is not generally an all-optical imaging method unlike the other microscopy techniques. One of the significant limitations of photoacoustic microscopes arises from their need to be in physical contact with the sample through a coupling media. This physical contact, coupling, or immersion of the sample is undesirable or impractical for many clinical and pre-clinical applications. This also limits the flexibility of photoacoustic techniques to be integrated with other all-optical imaging microscopes for providing complementary imaging contrast. To overcome these limitations, several non-contact photoacoustic signal detection approaches have been proposed. This paper presents a brief overview of current non-contact photoacoustic detection techniques with an emphasis on all-optical detection methods and their associated physical mechanisms.

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Section: Non-contact Photoacoustic Signal Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards non-contact photoacoustic imaging [review]

Hosseinaee

Bell

et al. 2020

Photoacoustics

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“…Moreover by optimally adjusting the power of one of local oscillator for detecting the idler field, we can obtain the minimum conditional variance of the signal beam and improve the signal noise ratio. The theoretical scheme based on BLO to detect the squeezed state was proposed [29] and the phase-sensitive detection with a BLO or a double-sideband signal field were studied experimentally [30][31][32]. And the measurement of a broad squeezed vacuum state by means of a BLO was demonstrated experimentally [33,34].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A small portion from the frequency-shifted laser beams at ω p /2 − 5M Hz is used to generate the weak low-frequency signal by a phase modulator. In order to lock the relative frequency and phase of the two LOs, the signal generators of the acousto-optical frequency-shifted system are locked by the clock synchronization technology [31,33]. The squeezed light with the weak low-frequency signal is mixed with the BLO on the 50/50 BS.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced detection of a low-frequency signal by using broad squeezed light and a bichromatic local oscillator

Jin

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. A

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We experimentally study a protocol of using the broadband high-frequency squeezed vacuum to detect the low-frequency signal. In this scheme, the lower sideband field of the squeezed light carries the low-frequency modulation signal and the two strong coherent light fields are applied as the bichromatic local oscillator in the homodyne detection to measure the quantum entanglement of the upper and lower sideband for the broadband squeezed light. The power of one of local oscillators for detecting the upper sideband can be adjusted to optimize the conditional variance in the low frequency regime by subtracting the photocurrent of the upper sideband field of the squeezed light from that of the lower sideband field. By means of the quantum correlation of the upper and lower sideband for the broadband squeezed light, the low-frequency signal beyond the standard quantum limit is measured. This scheme is appropriate for enhancing sensitivity of low-frequency signal by the aid of the broad squeezed light, such as gravitational waves detection, and does not need to directly produce the low frequency squeezing in optical parametric process.

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“…The theoretical scheme based on a bichromatic local oscillator (BLO) to detect the squeezed state was proposed [20], in which several advantages and applications were given. The phase-sensitive detection with a BLO or a double-sideband signal field were studied [21][22][23]. In this paper, we utilize a BLO to detect a broadband squeezed light with a phase-sensitive balanced-homodyne detection.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As above discussion, only when the upand down-shifted frequencies (Ω + and Ω − ) around the central frequency ω 0 of the bichromatic local oscillator are same (Ω + = Ω − = Ω 0 ) and the relative phase is fixed, the measurement for the broad squeezed light becomes the balanced homodyne detection. The two methods of locking the relative phase between up-and downshifted laser fields have been developed in our previous work [22]. Here we employ the clock synchronization of the signal generators.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of the squeezed vacuum state by a bichromatic local oscillator

Zhang

2015

Opt. Lett.

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We present the experimental measurement of a squeezed vacuum state by means of a bichromatic local oscillator (BLO). A pair of local oscillators at ±5 MHz around the central frequency ω 0 of the fundamental field with equal power are generated by three acousto-optic modulators and phase-locked, which are used as a BLO. The squeezed vacuum light are detected by a phase-sensitive balanced-homodyne detection with a BLO. The baseband signal around ω 0 combined with a broad squeezed field can be detected with the sensitivity below the shot-noise limit, in which the baseband signal is shifted to the vicinity of 5 MHz (the half of the BLO separation into the vicinity of 5 MHz ((the half of the BLO separation) and sub-shot-noise detection is implemented. Thus this work with the BLO and broadband squeezing can be used to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of an interferometer for lower frequency phase measurement [24,25].The schematic diagram of the detection is shown in Fig. 1. A strong BLO (at ±Ω 0 around the central frequency ω 0 of the fundamental field with equal power) is mixed with the signal light field at a 50/50 beam splitter. The relative phase θ of the local oscillator and the signal field can be controlled by the reflective mirror mounted on a PZT (piezoelectric transducer). The annihilation operators of the bichromatic local oscillator and the signal field can be written aŝ a(t) =â + (t) exp[−i(ω 0 + Ω 0 )t] +â − (t) exp[−i(ω 0 − Ω 0 )t] andb(t) =b 0 (t) exp (−iω 0 t), whereâ +(−) (t) andb 0 (t) are the slow varying operators of the fields. The output 1

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Experimental study of balanced optical homodyne and heterodyne detection by controlling sideband modulation

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Towards non-contact photoacoustic imaging [review]

Towards non-contact photoacoustic imaging [review]

Enhanced detection of a low-frequency signal by using broad squeezed light and a bichromatic local oscillator

Measurement of the squeezed vacuum state by a bichromatic local oscillator

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