Experimental study of a novel hybrid constructed wetland for water reuse and its application in Southern China

Zhai, Jun; Xiao, Hai; Kujawa-Roeleveld, Katarzyna; He, Qiang; Kerstens, S.M.

doi:10.2166/wst.2011.790

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Pan et al [7] reported that the annual average COD, NH 4 + -N, TN, and TP removal efficiencies were 34.1%, 58.4%, 31.1%, and 41.6%, respectively. The performance of our AA hybrid system was also comparable with the same type of full-scale hybrid CW without AA with similar COD inflow concentrations but lower hydraulic loading rates of 27-36 cm/day [17]. The removed COD loads in the studied AA hybrid CW were in agreement with the high removed COD loads of approximately 35 g/m 2 per day (in aerated VF) and 29 ± 2 g/m 2 per day (in aerated HSSF) as referred by Tang et al [6] and Fan et al [24], respectively, which were higher than 20 gCOD/m 2 day measured in other studies by Liu et al [25].…”

Section: Overall Performancementioning

confidence: 57%

“…Considering the clogging problem and the wetland life span, water backwash pipes were installed at the bottom of the VBFW beds. More detailed information about the similar type of hybrid CWs (VBFW + HSFW) without AA can be found in previous research papers [16,17]. …”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water samples were collected directly with a glassy sampling device. The samples for water temperature (WT), electrical conductivity (EC), DO, turbidity, and pH were analyzed in the field with portable sensors as described in previous studies [16,17]. All collected water samples were stored in a cooler at 4 • C, transported to the laboratory at Chongqing University for analyzing the chemical oxygen demand (COD), TN, NH 4 + -N, nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3 − -N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO 2 − -N), and total phosphorus (TP) according to the Chinese National Standard methods [23].…”

Section: Sampling and Physiochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of various wetlands in a staged manner, such as subsurface vertical flow (VF) followed by horizontal flow (HF) CWs, referred to as hybrid CWs, are also used for better nitrogen removal [8]. In the hybrid systems, various wetlands are combined to simulate both aerobic (VF stage) and anaerobic (HF stage) conditions, which are necessary for the microbial nitrification-denitrification processes [8,[16][17][18]. Nonetheless, nitrogen removal efficiency can vary with season in both traditional and hybrid CWs, because nitrification is generally considered as the most temperature-sensitive steps [19] and becomes inhibited below 10 • C [9,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AA was applied in the OT unit and a half portion of the VBFW unit. The original VBFW + HSFW design was developed by our research team and applied in many full-scale systems since 2007 [17]. We studied the performances of aerated hybrid CWs especially for nutrient removal over a period of a year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Variation of Nutrient Removal in a Full-Scale Artificial Aerated Hybrid Constructed Wetland

Zhai

Xiao

Rahaman

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:To improve nutrient removal, a full-scale hybrid constructed wetland (CW) consisting of pre-treatment units, vertical-baffled flow wetlands (VBFWs), and horizontal subsurface flow wetlands (HSFWs) was installed in August 2014 to treat sewage wastewater. Artificial aeration (AA) was applied continuously in the VBFW stage to improve the aerobic condition in the hybrid CW. Water samples were collected and analyzed twice a month between the period of August 2015 and July 2016. The results suggest that this new hybrid CW can achieve a satisfactory reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 + -N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) with average removal rates of 85% ± 10% (35% ± 19 g/m 2 per day), 76% ± 18% (7% ± 2 g/m 2 per day), 65% ± 13% (8% ± 2 g/m 2 per day), and 65% ± 21% (1 g/m 2 per day), respectively. AA significantly improved the aerobic condition throughout the experimental period, and the positive influence of AA on nitrogen removal was found to be higher during summer that during winter. A significant positive correlation between water temperature and nutrient removal (p < 0.01) was observed in the system. Overall, this study demonstrates the application of AA in a full-scale hybrid CW with satisfactory nutrient removal rates. The hybrid CW system with artificial aeration can serve as a reference for future applications areas where land availability is limited.

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Section: Overall Performancementioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling and Physiochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Variation of Nutrient Removal in a Full-Scale Artificial Aerated Hybrid Constructed Wetland

Zhai

Xiao

Rahaman

et al. 2016

Water

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Performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands for nitrogen removal and statistical approaches

Kumar,

Sangwan,

Kumar

et al. 2023

Water Environment Research

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Nitrogen pollution in water bodies has become a pressing environmental and public health issue worldwide, demanding the implementation of effective nitrogen removal strategies. This research paper delves into the performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands (HCWs) as a sustainable and innovative approach for nitrogen removal, employing a comprehensive year‐long dataset gathered from a practical setup. The study collected data under diverse operating conditions to investigate the effectiveness of HCWs in removing nitrogen. Results revealed that HCWs achieved nitrogen removal efficiencies ranging from 28% to 65%, influenced by temperature and hydraulic retention time. Optimal removal occurred at an average temperature of 28°C and a 4‐day hydraulic retention time. Notably, performance declined during colder periods, with temperatures below 15°C. The study also aims to predict nitrogen removal by three modeling techniques, that is, artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector machines Pearson VII kernel function (SVM PUK), and multiple linear regression (MLR). Prediction has been done considering temperature (TEMP), hydraulic loading rate (HLR), initial concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (CODin), initial concentration of total nitrogen (TNin), initial concentration of total phosphorous (TPin), and initial concentration of turbidity (TBin) as input parameters, whereas reduction of total nitrogen (RED TN) is regarded as output parameter. The performance of the soft computing techniques has been compared in terms of coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The analysis revealed that the performance of the SVM (PUK) model (R2: 0.572, RMSE: 0.0359, MAE: 0.0294) for the prediction of TN reduction is superior followed by MLR (R2: 0.562, RMSE: 0.0365, MAE: 0.0294) and ANN (R2: 0.597, RMSE: 0.0377, MAE: 0.0301). The present study concludes that the treated effluent by the HCWs, using water hyacinth and water lettuce, is of fair quality, thus having potential application for the treatment of rice mill wastewater in warmer climates. Further, machine learning approaches employed in estimating the total nitrogen reduction by HCWs technology have shown promising applicability and utilization in such studies.Practitioner Points Hybrid constructed wetlands (HCWs) are effective in removing nitrogen from wastewater. The performance of HCWs in nitrogen removal can vary due to physical, chemical, and biological processes. The performance of the HCWs highly depends on temperature and hydraulic retention time. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) provided better predictions of nitrogen removal with high accuracy and low root mean square error.

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Landfill wall revegetation combined with leachate recirculation: a convenient procedure for management of closed landfills

Moro¹,

Barca²,

Cassano

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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There is a need for a reliable sustainable option to effectively manage the landfill leachate generation. This study presents a simple procedure for the revegetation of the walls of closed landfills, employing the leachate as a fertirrigant. The native plants Lepidium sativum, Lactuca sativa, and Atriplex halimus, which suit the local climate, were chosen for this study in Southern Italy. The methodology was structured into three phases (i) early stage toxicity assessment phase (apical root length and germination tests), (ii) adult plant resistance assessment phase, and (iii) soil properties verification phase. The rationale of the proposed approach was first to look at the distinctive qualities and the potential toxicity in landfill leachates for fertigation purposes. Afterwards, through specific tests, the plants used were ranked in terms of resistance to the aqueous solution that contained leachate. Finally, after long-term irrigation, any possible worsening of soil properties was evaluated. The results demonstrated the real possibility of using blended leachate as a fertigant for the revegetation of the walls of closed landfills. In particular, the plants maintained good health when leachate was blended at concentrations of lower than 25 and 5%, respectively for A. halimus and Lepidium sativum. Irrigation tests showed good resistance of the plants, even at dosages of 112 and 133.5 mm m(-2), at maximum concentrations of 25 and 5%, respectively, for A. halimus and Lepidium sativum. The analysis of the total chlorophyll content and of aerial parts dried weight confirmed the results reported above.

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Experimental study of a novel hybrid constructed wetland for water reuse and its application in Southern China

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Seasonal Variation of Nutrient Removal in a Full-Scale Artificial Aerated Hybrid Constructed Wetland

Seasonal Variation of Nutrient Removal in a Full-Scale Artificial Aerated Hybrid Constructed Wetland

Performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands for nitrogen removal and statistical approaches

Landfill wall revegetation combined with leachate recirculation: a convenient procedure for management of closed landfills

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