Experimental studies on the progressive collapse of building structures: A review and discussion on dynamic column removal techniques

Kiakojouri, Foad; Zeinali, Elahe; Adam, Jose M.; De Biagi, Valerio

doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2023.105059

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 70 publications

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“…A small outward rotation is present at the central hinge, so that the structure will be laterally supported at that point by a jack, which will eventually push in the opposite direction, first straightening the column and then producing instability by rotating the hinge in the other direction (see Figure 1a). Sudden and complete column removal is a conservative simplification of the real phenomenon, and it can be observed only in special circumstances, i.e., high-speed impacts or near-field blasts [16].…”

Section: Two-storey Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Robustness of Reinforced Concrete Slab Structures: Lessons Learned from Two Full-Scale Tests

Pérez Caldentey,

G. Diego,

Santos

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Within the research project ITSAFE, two full-scale structures were built, one consisting of a single-storey, two-span, 7.00 × 14.00 m2 RC frame with a solid slab and another consisting of a two-storey, 7.00 × 7.00 m2 RC frame with solid slabs. In the two-span frame, one of the central supports was first demolished using a pneumatic hammer, resulting in rather limited damage (a 14–15 cm deflection at the removed support location). However, torsional cracks appeared at the interface between a column and slab in one of the outer supports. When the second central support was removed, the structure collapsed with the failure of the support–slab connection. The same type of cracking was observed in the two-storey structure, where the column removal was dynamic, and a 22 cm deflection was measured. These experimental results question current practice in which, for internal supports, alternative load path mobilizing membrane forces in the slab are said to prevent their collapse, or in the cases of edge and corner columns, rupture line analysis is used and suggests that special reinforcement at the column–support connection is also needed to prevent the premature failure of the structure.

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Section: Two-storey Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Robustness of Reinforced Concrete Slab Structures: Lessons Learned from Two Full-Scale Tests

Pérez Caldentey,

G. Diego,

Santos

et al. 2024

Buildings

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Experimental verification of full‐scale silo structure demolition: Investigating successive column removal with finite element method and progressive collapse simulation through blast load

Yuzbasi

2024

Structural Concrete

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This article presents an experimental and numerical study of the collapse behavior of a 60‐m‐high cement silo structure under blast loading, analyzed using SAP2000 (FEM‐NDA) and LS‐DYNA (FEM‐NDA‐explicit code) models to simulate the collapse mechanism. Considering the seismic events in Kahramanmaras, Turkiye, on February 6, 2023, with magnitudes of 7.8 and 7.6, the necessity for the explosive demolition of hundreds of thousands of structures has underscored the urgency of rapid planning. This situation requires a particular focus on the expeditious analysis of demolition methodologies. The study includes pre‐planning stages, sudden column removals and the detonation of columns with blast loads for the controlled demolition of a full‐scale existing silo structure. To overturn the structure, the columns inside the wedge region were suddenly removed using SAP2000 nonlinear dynamic analysis (NDA) to understand the subsequent load redistribution. A study was conducted to compare the use of shell and plate elements in SAP2000 for a 1‐m‐thick wall silo. The results showed that using shell elements provided relatively closer results to real values than plate elements. For the explicit analysis part, the structural components were modeled as solid materials, and columns were detonated with blast loads. The models and actual demolition frame‐by‐frame results of the structure were compared, and the numerical model's accuracy was validated using experimental data from stationary cameras and drones, with the explicit analysis results found to be in agreement. While explicit analysis yielded results more in line with real data, SAP2000 NDA provided relatively distant results, although SAP2000‐NDA was more time‐efficient compared to explicit analysis models. However, a preliminary evaluation can be made if the characteristics of both programs are understood. The documented information on full‐scale structure demolition and findings presented in this paper will serve as a resource for future studies and provide a reference for researchers.

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Robustness of reinforced concrete frames with elements experiencing bending with torsion

Kolchunov,

Moskovtseva

2024

Engineering Structures

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Experimental studies on the progressive collapse of building structures: A review and discussion on dynamic column removal techniques

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Robustness of Reinforced Concrete Slab Structures: Lessons Learned from Two Full-Scale Tests

Robustness of Reinforced Concrete Slab Structures: Lessons Learned from Two Full-Scale Tests

Experimental verification of full‐scale silo structure demolition: Investigating successive column removal with finite element method and progressive collapse simulation through blast load

Robustness of reinforced concrete frames with elements experiencing bending with torsion

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