Experimental Studies on a Rudimentary Four-Wheel Landing Gear

The subject of the present paper is the design of an innovative fuselage mounted main landing gear, developed for a PrandtlPlane architecture civil transport aircraft with a capacity of about 300 passengers. The paper presents the conceptual design and a preliminary sizing of landing gear structural components and actuation systems, in order to get an estimation of weight and of the required stowage. The adopted design methodology makes use of dynamic modelling and multibody simulation from the very first design stages, with the aim of providing efficient and flexible tools for a preliminary evaluation of performances, as well as enabling to easily update and adapt the design to further modifications. To develop the activity, the multibody dynamics of the landing gear (modelled using Simpack software) has been integrated via co-simulation with dynamic models developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment.

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“…9. Maximum drag F max is estimated considering results from literature [19] and statistical data on gear drag. Fig.…”

Section: Actuationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of a Fuselage-Mounted Main Landing Gear of a Medium-Size Civil Transport Aircraft

Nuti¹,

Bertini²,

Cipolla³

et al. 2018

Aerotec. Missili Spaz.

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“…Adhesive trip dots, 0.292 mm thick and spaced at 1.27 mm apart, are provided by The Boeing Company's Aerodynamics/Noise/Propulsion Laboratory. They are applied to the outer edges of all four wheels per CFD-recommended locations [2,4]. Two steel plates are also manufactured.…”

Section: B Model Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The National Aerospace Laboratories (NALs) in India have completed an aerodynamic investigation on a RLG model in a closedwall wind tunnel [2]. During these tests, steady and unsteady pressure data were taken and surface oilflow visualization was performed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of the Rudimentary Landing Gear Acoustics

Reger

Cattafesta

2015

AIAA Journal

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“…For a rudimentary four-wheel landing gear, mean lift, drag and side forces were measured by Venkatakrishnan et al [32]. It was found that the strut strongly affects the flow field around the two in-line wheels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsteady aerodynamics of single and tandem wheels

Spagnolo

Zhang

et al. 2017

Journal of Fluids and Structures

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The major unsteady aerodynamic forces and major physics of a generic single wheel and tandem wheels are studied for the first time using wind tunnel tests. The wind-tunnel tests are performed in the 2.1 m × 1.5 m wind tunnel at the University of Southampton. The tandem-wheel configuration consists of two in-line wheels that can be tested at different inter-axis distances and various installation angles. A vibration test is performed in situ on the model assembly to validate the unsteady-load measurements. Mean and unsteady aerodynamic loads and on-surface pressures are measured. Particle Image Velocimetry is used to acquire the velocity fields in the wake downstream of the model and surface oil-flow technique is used to identify the flow features on the surface of the wheels. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition is also used to characterise the wake in terms of unsteady fluctuations. The results of the experiments on the tandem wheels show that higher values of inter-axis distance correspond to slightly higher total mean drag coefficients and remarkably lower drag coefficient RMS values. Higher installation angles are associated with higher mean drag coefficients but generally lower fluctuations of the force coefficients. Non-zero mean lift coefficients are found for low inter-axis distance configurations at zero installation angle. The flow on the single wheel and on the front wheel of the tandem wheels is affected by laminar-turbulent transitional features. The vortical structures past the tandem wheels consist of four vortices that detach from the tyre shoulders of the front wheel and interact with the rear wheel. The study and obtained databases contribute to the general understanding of the complex flow and help to improve engineering predication of the gear aerodynamic loads.

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Experimental Studies on a Rudimentary Four-Wheel Landing Gear

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Design of a Fuselage-Mounted Main Landing Gear of a Medium-Size Civil Transport Aircraft

Design of a Fuselage-Mounted Main Landing Gear of a Medium-Size Civil Transport Aircraft

Experimental Study of the Rudimentary Landing Gear Acoustics

Unsteady aerodynamics of single and tandem wheels

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