Experimental Studies of the Baisheshek Barley Grain Processed by the Ion-Ozone Mixture

Abstract

The article presents the results of an experimental study of Baisheshek barley grain treated with an ion ozone mixture. This study aims to develop an innovative technology for processing barley with an ion-ozone mixture in order to increase their technological parameters, yield, quality, and grain safety. Kazakhstan has sharply increased the export of barley, and all agronomists, producers, and breeders are actively moving to the cultivation of this crop, while increasing production, productivity, improving product quality, reducing their losses and ensuring storage safety are an urgent task. Microorganisms play an important role during storage, they fall into crop production in a variety of ways, and if they fall into unfavorable storage conditions after harvesting, crop production quickly deteriorates, harmful substances such as toxins, mold, and others accumulate in it, which reduces the commodity value. To solve these problems, experimental studies were conducted on barley of the Baisheshek cultivar treated with an ion-ozone mixture with and without using excess pressure (cavitation). The calculated full-factorial design of experiments of the 23 (8 experiments) and 24 (16 experiments) degrees made it possible to obtain regression equations describing the change in the seed, physico-biochemical, and physiological properties of barley of the Baisheshek variety. The solution of a comprehensive model for optimizing programming for different barley indices made it possible to establish optimal technological processing modes and achievable levels of technological qualities of grain. The effect of the proposed technology for ion-ozone and ion-ozone cavitation treatment is the ion-ozone mixture, which produces deodorization, disinfection of grain, following chemical-physical processes, increases biological value, accelerates the processes of grain metabolism. Studies conducted to improve germination, viability, and growth strength show a reasonably clear picture in terms of their ultimate value. Phenological observations showed that the effects of ion-ozone and ion-ozone cavitation treatment is triggered after 25-30 days. It was found that the greatest tendency for superiority is observed with ion-ozone cavitation treatment, followed by ion-ozone, and the control sample is significantly behind.

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