Experimental Stress Analysis for Materials and Structures

Freddi, Alessandro; Olmi, Giorgio; Cristofolini, Luca

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06086-6

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…This is an example of a quite conventional load cell, where strain gage locations and connections are suitably chosen to prevent any coupling or secondary effect. The effect is an excellent decoupling, as testified by the diagonal layout of the matrix C and the low values of the related coupling coefficients C.C.s 23 …”

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Two Forces Amentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Each trial was repeated three times for statistical evidence reasons. 7,22,23 Some photos of the loading trials are shown in Fig. 4.…”

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Three Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This procedure was repeated three times for statistical evidence. 23 Finally, the difference between the outputs of the third (under vertical shifted force F z ') and the second (under F z ) trials was computed in order to (virtually) determine the response under pure torsional moment. The results were checked carefully and proved to be all in good agreement with theory.…”

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Two Forces Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the calibration campaign were processed by the students for the determination of the compliance and calibration matrices. 23 The first one was determined, considering the slopes of the regression lines in Fig. 5, whereas the second one was computed by an inversion procedure that can easily be done by many electronic sheets.…”

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Three Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The level of decoupling of the design load cell was finally assessed by the determination of the coupling coefficients as ratios between the B matrix coefficients weighted by the full scale values of the corresponding load components. 23 The coupling coefficients C.C.s were collected in the matrix in Eq. (6), where the b ij terms are the coefficients of the B matrix and FS stands for full scale value (49 N for F x , 196 N for both F y and F z ).…”

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Three Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Load Cell Training for the Students of Experimental Stress Analysis

Olmi

2016

Exp Tech

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Many numerical models are nowadays available for the structural analysis of complexly shaped structures. However, a critical problem consists of the estimation of the actual loads that a structure withstands. The most proper way to determine them under service conditions consists of executing in-field tests, where load cells have an important role. This article deals with a didactic project at the University of Bologna, focused on the development of strain gage load cells, from design to calibration and use. Details are provided on the course units involved and on the levels of teaching, and three case studies are presented. Two case studies deal with the design of decoupled load cells, using simple beam geometry. Students had the opportunity to become confident with the principles of mechanics and to tackle the not trivial activities like calibration by decoupled load application and determination of the related matrices. The third one deals with the development of a load cell for impact loads, where the students had the chance to observe a practical application of the studied Wheatstone bridge connection, to participate in on-field tests, and to better understand the close relationship between experimentation and design.

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Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Two Forces Amentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Each trial was repeated three times for statistical evidence reasons. 7,22,23 Some photos of the loading trials are shown in Fig. 4.…”

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Three Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Two Forces Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Three Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Load Cell For the Simultaneous Measurement Of Three Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Load Cell Training for the Students of Experimental Stress Analysis

Olmi

2016

Exp Tech

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Characterization of Mechanical Properties, Macroscopic Deformation Behavior, and Microstructure of Functionally Graded 22MnB5 Steel

Scharifi

Schade

Ademaj³

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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The ongoing global trend toward carbon dioxide emission reduction forced the automotive industry to design lighter and resource-efficient vehicle bodies, leading to the huge success of the press hardening process. [1][2][3][4][5] One reason for this success lies in the availability of thin-walled ultrahigh strength steel 22MnB5, which combines good formability and highest strength properties of 1500 MPa at a fully martensitic structure after press hardening at reasonable costs. [6,7] Since the first application in the automotive industry in 1986 as a side-impact beam, [8] the application field of 22MnB5 components increases continuously from B-pillar to roof rail reinforcement and other parts to enhance passenger safety. [9,10] The thermomechanical approach of press hardening allows the production of complex-shaped components with high dimensional accuracy, [11] excellent mechanical properties, and, at the same time, offers the opportunity for realizing tailored properties. [12,13] Although a time-temperature course of uniform austenitization and quenching in a cooled forming tool, Figure 1a, results in a homogenous fully martensitic structure with highest strength, a locally varying time-temperature course during the forming process, Figure 1b, enables the creation of a tailored distribution of microstructures, where mechanical properties are locally adjusted to perfectly meet the load profile, e.g., in case of crash-relevant components. [5,6] According to Ademaj et al., after uniform austenitization at 930 C but differential cooling of 22MnB5, zones following "route H" develop highest tensile strengths (1500 MPa) whereas zones following "route S" show lower tensile strength properties (614 MPa). [14] Both process strategies of Figure 1 are chosen for the current study with respect to the aforementioned investigations.This approach has been identified as a viable option to obtain lighter body structures through the ability to design load adapted structures and to combine contradictory requirements within one component. [14,15] A prominent example in car body structures is the B-pillar, in which the bottom section exhibits higher

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Safety Assessment

Freddi¹,

Salmon²

2018

Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering

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Experimental Stress Analysis for Materials and Structures

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Load Cell Training for the Students of Experimental Stress Analysis

Load Cell Training for the Students of Experimental Stress Analysis

Characterization of Mechanical Properties, Macroscopic Deformation Behavior, and Microstructure of Functionally Graded 22MnB5 Steel

Safety Assessment

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