Experimental psychopathology, clinical science, and practice: An irrelevant or indispensable alliance?

Forsyth, John P.; Zvolensky, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/s0962-1849(01)80002-0

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Participants were excluded from the study if they (a) evidenced limited mental competency or the inability to give informed, written consent; (b) did not currently smoke marijuana (defined by use within the past 30 days); (c) had not experienced a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 1994) defined traumatic event; or (4) had any current Axis-I psychopathology as assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Non-Patient Version (SCID-NP; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 1995). Focusing on current marijuana users with a traumatic life event exposure, rather than those currently diagnosed with PTSD, was advantageous at this stage of research as the relation between emotional reactivity to trauma and motivational bases for marijuana use could be meaningfully tested without the concern that the results were alternatively due to sequelae of PTSD per se (e.g., chronic stress-related neurobiological changes; Forsyth & Zvolensky, 2002).…”

Section: E T H O D Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress symptom severity predicts marijuana use coping motives among traumatic event‐exposed marijuana users

Bonn‐Miller¹,

Vujanovic²,

Feldner³

et al. 2007

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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132

105

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The present study examines the relation between posttraumatic stress symptom severity and motives for marijuana use among 103 (55 women) young adult marijuana users (current) who reported experiencing at least one traumatic event in their lifetime. As expected, after covarying for the theoretically relevant variables of frequency of past 30-day marijuana use, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and volume of alcohol consumed, posttraumatic stress symptom severity was significantly related to marijuana use coping motives, but no other motives for marijuana use. Results are discussed in relation to better understanding the role of coping-motivated marijuana use among young adults experiencing posttraumatic stress.

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Section: E T H O D Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress symptom severity predicts marijuana use coping motives among traumatic event‐exposed marijuana users

Bonn‐Miller¹,

Vujanovic²,

Feldner³

et al. 2007

Journal of Traumatic Stress

Self Cite

132

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Participants were excluded on the basis of (1) limited mental competency or the inability to give informed, written consent; (2) current endorsement of suicidality; (3) evidence of current or past psychotic-spectrum symptoms or disorders; and (4) current axis I psychopathology, as assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Non-Patient Version (SCID-NP; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 1995). These exclusionary criteria help to ensure that any of the observed findings cannot simply be attributed to pre-existing psychological problems rather than the psychological factors of theoretical interest (Forsyth & Zvolensky, 2002).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interactive Effects of Anxiety Sensitivity and Emotion Dysregulation in Predicting Anxiety-related Cognitive and Affective Symptoms

Vujanovic

Zvolensky

Bernstein³

2007

Cogn Ther Res

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The present investigation examined the main and interactive effects of anxiety sensitivity (AS) and emotion dysregulation in predicting anxiety-relevant cognitive and affective symptoms among a community-based sample of young adults (n = 242, 135 women; M age = 23.0 years, SD = 8.71). Consistent with hypotheses, the interaction between AS and emotion dysregulation significantly predicted worry, catastrophic cognitions about bodily events, and anxious arousal symptoms above and beyond the respective main effects and negative affectivity; though this interactive effect contributed only 1% of unique variance to each of these criterion variables. Specifically, although the overall effect size for this interaction was small, the highest levels of each criterion variable were (marginally) evidenced by individuals reporting co-occurring high levels of AS and high levels of emotion dysregulation. Also as expected, explanatory specificity for cognitive and emotional symptoms of anxiety was evident, as no interactive effect was apparent for anhedonic depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the main effects of AS and emotion dysregulation, entered concurrently, were significantly incrementally predictive of each of the anxiety-relevant criterion variables; and only emotion dysregulation was significantly predictive of depressive symptoms. Findings are discussed in relation to advancing scientific understanding of anxiety vulnerability from an emotional dysregulation framework.

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“…64,65 Experimental psychopathology research is conducted in a controlled environment, with sampling of human and nonhuman animals, in order to investigate the etiology, development and maintenance of mental disorders, which could contribute to strategies for prevention and intervention. 65 This approach is at the threshold of two other major areas of Psychology, 1) basic research and 2) clinical psychopathology, but it also has some crucial differences in terms of its object of study and final aim.…”

Section: Experimental Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…65 In turn, the experimental study of psychopathological processes tries to fill the gap between these two approaches, preserving and maintaining the experimental rigor, while proposing secondary prophylactic interventions. 64 Many studies have utilized the trauma analogue paradigm along with tasks that stimulate or consume data, independent of other base systems. Human memory processing can only be understood using an approach that considers each base system involved and their respective properties: cognitive, neural and behavioral.…”

Section: Experimental Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: implications for clinical practice

Rigoli

Silva

Oliveira

et al. 2016

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent disorder with important social consequences. Several models have been developed with the aim of understanding the mechanisms underlying its symptoms. Intrusions are idiosyncratic symptoms that commonly take the form of involuntary recollection of images or flashbacks about the traumatic event.Objective: To review how memory is conceptualized in each of these models and the implications for clinical practice. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted through analysis of the perspectives of memory in theoretical models of PTSD. Results: Two main perspectives were identified: 1) models in which specific mechanisms of memory for processing traumatic events are proposed, especially those based on clinical studies, and 2) models in which common mnemonic mechanisms are utilized to explain the phenomenon, primarily based on basic experimental research studies investigating memory. The different theories based on these approaches have led to distinct psychotherapy interventions. Conclusion: In order to clarify these discrepancies, future research should aim for the methodological rigor of experimental studies, while maintaining the ecological applicability of findings. Cognitive experimental psychopathology is therefore an area on which research funding should be focused. Such studies could elucidate the role of mnemonic aspects in PTSD and how they impact psychological treatments.

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Experimental psychopathology, clinical science, and practice: An irrelevant or indispensable alliance?

Cited by 52 publications

References 76 publications

Posttraumatic stress symptom severity predicts marijuana use coping motives among traumatic event‐exposed marijuana users

Posttraumatic stress symptom severity predicts marijuana use coping motives among traumatic event‐exposed marijuana users

The Interactive Effects of Anxiety Sensitivity and Emotion Dysregulation in Predicting Anxiety-related Cognitive and Affective Symptoms

The role of memory in posttraumatic stress disorder: implications for clinical practice

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