Experimental pneumococcal infections of the lung

Gaskell, J. F.

doi:10.1002/path.1700280305

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…A close parallelism exists between these lesions in man and those produced experimentally in the rabbit by Gaskell (1925). For the virulence in the infecting pneumococcus required to set up lobar pneumonia in the rabbit is the same as in man; and the parallel extends to broncho-pneumonia and to empyema.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Especially is this prone to occur when there is excessive mucus secretion. The other factor is the condition of shock, often following abdominal and other operations, which tends to impair the various mechanisms of ciliary action, coughing, etc., that normally play an active part in removing foreign matter from the lung- Gaskell (1925) et al Whatever the explanation, the fact is that two strains out of the three isolated from cases of post-operative pneumonia are avirulent. Both are from patients operated on for acute appendicitis; P. 470 is a Group IV pneumococcus, and 3-28 a salivary type of streptococcus, closely resembling a pneumococcus in its shape, cultural characters and fermentation of inulin.…”

Section: Virulence In Relation To the Lesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But wide differences in virulence between strains recovered from different lesions were noted from the outset, and there was some ground for believing that these differences would be susceptible of orderly arrangement and would bear some relation to the nature and severity of the lesion. The belief arose from the consideration of work on experimental pneumonia in rabbits by Gaskell (1925), which brought to light a singularly constant relationship between the virulence of the infecting pneumococcus and the nature of the lesion in the rabbit. The object of the work described here is to establish a similar relationship between organism and lesion in man.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relation of Virulence in Pneumococci to Disease, with a Comparison of Virulence of the Different Types of Pneumococci in various Pathological Conditions

Whittle

1928

Epidemiol. Infect.

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Pneumococci form a group of organisms of which the individual strains exhibit wide differences in character. Like the streptococci, certain types of which they closely resemble, they show a variability in their predilections and behaviour bewildering to those who are attempting to classify them. Not only are pneumococci known to cause a great variety of lesions about the body, but they have also been found in the throats of a large proportion of healthy persons who apparently suffer no inconvenience from their presence—Stillman (1916, 1917), Glynn (1923) and others.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Virulence In Relation To the Lesionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relation of Virulence in Pneumococci to Disease, with a Comparison of Virulence of the Different Types of Pneumococci in various Pathological Conditions

Whittle

1928

Epidemiol. Infect.

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“…hilum to the periphery. Using a variety of animals, subsequent workers, including Permar (1923-24), Gaskell (1925), Schobl and Sellards (1925) and Rake (1936)) also recognised perivascular changes, but maintained that infection spread in the reverse direction. As previously mentioned, Hoyle and Orr (1945) drew attention to the presence of perivascular cedema in some acute experimental pneuinonic lesions.…”

Section: Discmsionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental klebsiella pneumonia in mice with particular reference to periarterial changes

Epstein

1959

J. Pathol.

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“…7 The degree of displacement of the heart shadow appeared to depend largely on the nature and rate of pulmonary involvement. With an effectively localized, and slowly spreading pneumonic process, there was either no detectable shift or only a slight one.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Pneumococcus Lobar Pneumonia in the Dog 12

Terrell

Robertson²,

Coggeshall³

1933

J. Clin. Invest.

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Until the work of Blake and Cecil (1) lobar pneumoinia had not been produced in the lower animals with any degree of constancy. These authors suicceeded in producing in monkeys (MIacacus Syrichtus and Cebus Captucinus) by means of the intratracheal injection of small quantities of pneumococcus ctulture a lobar pneumonia which in its symptomatology, evolution and pathological histology resembled closely the disease seen in man. This work was repeated by Schobl and Sellards (2), who confirmed the clinical findings of Blake and Cecil but concluded that the pathology of the pulmonary process resembled more nearly the picture of the confluent bronchopneumonia produced by the pneumococcus in the rabbit, than the characteristic lesion in man.Other investigators working with the dog have found that in order to produce pulmonary infection with the pneumococcus not only must the infecting agent be implanted far down into the bronchial tree but that the inoculum must be massive. Lamar and Meltzer (3), using such a method, were successful in establishing in some of their animals lobar consolidation and a disease resembling an abortive lobar pneumonia. Those in which the disease ran a longer course died within two to four days with bacteremia and pyemic complications. One or more lobes showed consolidation which was considered to be similar to that of the human lobar pneumonia. Some of their dogs escaped infection. More recently Coryllos and Birnbaum (4) have employed a modification of this method, spraying large quantities of pneumococcus culture-10 to 15 cc.-into the lung through a bronchoscope either with or without subsequent occlusion of the main bronchtus. This resulted either in a transient infection or a widespread pneumonia accompanied by extensive atelectasis and an ensuing generalized infection usually with a fatal termination.Lobar consolidation has also been produced in rabbits by the intrapulmonary injection of pneumococci with similar (5) (6) or other (7) methods, but the course of the disease in these animals showed neither constancy nor close resemblance to the clinical syndrome of lobar pneumonia.It has been assumed that the antipneumococcal resistance of the dog was much higher than that of man, and hence a correspondingly larger I

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Experimental pneumococcal infections of the lung

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

The Relation of Virulence in Pneumococci to Disease, with a Comparison of Virulence of the Different Types of Pneumococci in various Pathological Conditions

The Relation of Virulence in Pneumococci to Disease, with a Comparison of Virulence of the Different Types of Pneumococci in various Pathological Conditions

Experimental klebsiella pneumonia in mice with particular reference to periarterial changes

Experimental Pneumococcus Lobar Pneumonia in the Dog 12

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