Experimental percolation of supercritical CO2 through a caprock

Angeli, Matthieu; Soldal, Magnus; Skurtveit, Elin; Aker, Eyvind

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.123

Cited by 112 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Flow through dilatant pathways has been shown in a number of argillaceous materials (Horseman & Harrington 1994;Harrington & Horseman 1997Ortiz et al 1996Ortiz et al , 2002Gallé & Tanai 1998;Horseman et al 1999;Autio et al 2006;Angeli et al 2009). The pathways are pressure-induced and their aperture is a function of their internal gas pressure and structural constraints within the clay.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…There is now a growing body of evidence (Horseman et al 1996(Horseman et al , 2004Angeli et al 2009;Harrington et al 2009Harrington et al , 2012 that in the case of plastic clays and in particular bentonite, classic concepts of porous-medium two-phase flow are inappropriate. Flow through dilatant pathways has been shown in a number of argillaceous materials (Horseman & Harrington 1994;Harrington & Horseman 1997Ortiz et al 1996Ortiz et al , 2002Gallé & Tanai 1998;Horseman et al 1999;Autio et al 2006;Angeli et al 2009).…”

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Experimental observations of mechanical dilation at the onset of gas flow in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

Cuss

Harrington

Giot

et al. 2014

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Understanding the mechanisms controlling the advective movement of gas and its potential impact on a geological disposal facility (GDF) for radioactive waste is important to performance assessment. In a clay-based GDF, four primary phenomenological models can be defined to describe gas flow: (i) diffusion and/or solution within interstitial water; (ii) visco-capillary (or two-phase) flow in the original porosity of the fabric; (iii) flow along localized dilatant pathways (micro-fissuring); and (iv) gas fracturing of the rock. To investigate which mechanism(s) control the movement of gas, two independent experimental studies on Callovo-Oxfordian claystone (COx) have been undertaken at the British Geological Survey (BGS) and LAEGO-ENSG Nancy (LAEGO).The study conducted at BGS used a triaxial apparatus specifically designed to resolve very small volumetric (axial and radial) strains potentially associated with the onset of gas flow. The LAEGO study utilized a triaxial setup with axial and radial strains measured by strain gauges glued to the sample. Both studies were conducted on COx at in situ stresses representative of the Bure Underground Research Laboratory (URL), with flux and pressure of gas and water carefully monitored throughout long-duration experiments.

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Experimental observations of mechanical dilation at the onset of gas flow in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

Cuss

Harrington

Giot

et al. 2014

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“…Increase in permeability (a factor of two) and diffusivity (50%) are reported in the literature [21,23] after several flow-through experiments. Some experiments performed at CEA (P. Berne, personal communication) also indicate a slight increase in diffusion coefficients after CO 2 exposure.…”

Section: Modification Of Transport Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO₂Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results

Mohammadzadeh

Chatzis

2010

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP

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Résumé -Évaluation de l'intégrité des couvertures d'un stockage de CO 2 : un aperçu du programme Géocarbone-Intégrité et de ses résultats -Un aperçu du programme et des résultats du projet multipartenaire Géocarbone-Intégrité est donné. Il concerne le développement de méthodes expérimentales et numériques pour évaluer l'intégrité d'un stockage de CO 2 . Les critères essentiels d'une couverture sont l'épaisseur de la formation et sa perméabilité. Une migration locale et limitée du CO 2 dans la couverture due à une pression capillaire d'entrée insuffisante est étudiée dans ce travail. À grande échelle, des profils sismiques sont nécessaires pour caractériser la continuité d'une couverture. Quand on dispose de données de puits, des critères simples pour estimer l'argilosité peuvent être utilisés. On montre également que les techniques de lithosismique peuvent être appliquées aux couvertures. Pour les formations considérées, nous n'avons pas observé au laboratoire de réactivité géochimique importante, ni d'effet marquant sur les propriétés mécaniques. Des simulations hydromécaniques à grande échelle montrent que les critères de rupture ou de réactivation de fractures préexistantes ne sont pas satisfaits. Des simulations de transport réactif par diffusion et écoulement diphasique dans la couverture montrent une migration du CO 2 sur une dizaine de mètres au plus et une baisse de la porosité par précipitation, et localement une augmentation de la porosité par dissolution. Oil & Gas Science and Technology -Rev. IFP, Vol. 65 (2010) Abstract -Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO 2 Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results -An overview of the three-year program and results of the Geocarbone-Integrity French project is given. It focused on the development of experimental and

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“…Flow through dilatant pathways has been shown in a number of experiments on argillaceous materials (Angeli et al, 2009;Autio et al, 2006;Cuss et al, 2014;Graham et al, 2012;Harrington et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results presented provide an insight into the flow of gas in clay-rich rocks. The flow of gas through dilatant pathways has been shown in a number of argillaceous materials (Angeli et al, 2009;Autio et al, 2006;Cuss et al, 2014;Harrington et al, 2012). These pathways are pressure induced and an increase in gas pressure leads to the dilation of pathways.…”

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The visualization of flow paths in experimental studies of clay-rich materials

et al. 2015

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One of the most challenging aspects of understanding the flow of gas and water during testing in clay-rich low-permeability materials is the difficulty in visualizing localized flow. Whilst understanding has been increased using X-ray Computed-tomography (CT) scanning, synchrotron X-ray imaging and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging, real-time testing is problematic under realistic in situ conditions confining pressures, which require steel pressure vessels. These methods tend not to have the nano-metre scale resolution necessary for clay mineral visualization, and are generally not compatible with the long duration necessary to investigate flow in such materials. Therefore other methods are necessary to visualize flow paths during post-mortem analysis of test samples. Several methodologies have been established at the British Geological Survey (BGS), in order to visualize flow paths both directly and indirectly. These include: (1) the injection of fluorescein-stained water or deuterium oxide; (2) the introduction of nanoparticles that are transported by carrier gas; (3) the use of radiologically tagged gas; and (4) the development of apparatus for the direct visualization of clay. These methodologies have greatly increased our understanding of the transport of water and gas through intact and fractured clay-rich materials. The body of evidence for gas transport through the formation of dilatant pathways is now considerable. This study presents observations using a new apparatus to directly visualize the flow of gas in a kaolinite paste. The results presented provide an insight into the flow of gas in clay-rich rocks. The flow of gas through dilatant pathways has been shown in a number of argillaceous materials (Angeli et al., 2009;Autio et al., 2006;Cuss et al., 2014;Harrington et al., 2012). These pathways are pressure induced and an increase in gas pressure leads to the dilation of pathways. Once the gas breakthrough occurs, pressure decreases and pathways begin to close. This new approach is providing a unique insight into the complex processes involved during the onset, development and closure of these dilatant gas pathways.

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Experimental percolation of supercritical CO2 through a caprock

Cited by 112 publications

References 16 publications

Experimental observations of mechanical dilation at the onset of gas flow in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

Experimental observations of mechanical dilation at the onset of gas flow in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO₂Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results

The visualization of flow paths in experimental studies of clay-rich materials

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Experimental percolation of supercritical CO2 through a caprock

Cited by 112 publications

References 16 publications

Experimental observations of mechanical dilation at the onset of gas flow in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

Experimental observations of mechanical dilation at the onset of gas flow in Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO2Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results

The visualization of flow paths in experimental studies of clay-rich materials

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Product

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Evaluating Sealing Efficiency of Caprocks for CO₂Storage: an Overview of the Geocarbone-Integrity Program and Results