Experimental PEM-Fuel Cell Range Extender System Operation and Parameter Influence Analysis

Höflinger, Johannes; Hofmann, Peter; Geringer, Bernhard

doi:10.4271/2019-01-0378

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The measurement data used in this work were obtained using a dedicated test stand equipped with a commercial 30 kW fuel cell stack, the associated balance-of-plant components and a specifically designed measurement and control system. As the test stand has also been used for measurements in other publications and to avoid redundancy with other articles, the authors refer the reader to the work in [25,45] for a more detailed presentation of the test stand setup.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter Identification of a Quasi-3D PEM Fuel Cell Model by Numerical Optimization

2021

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Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) supplied with green hydrogen from renewable sources are a promising technology for carbon dioxide-free energy conversion. Many mathematical models to describe and understand the internal processes have been developed to design more powerful and efficient PEMFCs. Parameterizing such models is challenging, but indispensable to predict the species transport and electrochemical conversion accurately. Many material parameters are unknown, or the measurement methods required to determine their values are expensive, time-consuming, and destructive. This work shows the parameterization of a quasi-3D PEMFC model using measurements from a stack test stand and numerical optimization algorithms. Differential evolution and the Nelder–Mead simplex algorithm were used to optimize eight material parameters of the membrane, cathode catalyst layer (CCL), and gas diffusion layer (GDL). Measurements with different operating temperatures and gas inlet pressures were available for optimization and validation. Due to the low operating temperature of the stack, special attention was paid to the temperature dependent terms in the governing equations. Simulations with optimized parameters predicted the steady-state and transient behavior of the stack well. Therefore, valuable data for the characterization of the membrane, the CCL and GDL was created that can be used for more detailed CFD simulations in the future.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter Identification of a Quasi-3D PEM Fuel Cell Model by Numerical Optimization

2021

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“…In order to provide a detailed experimental investigation, a variety of sensors (temperature, pressure, mass flow, voltage, current, and humidity) are installed at all relevant positions. Further details with respect to the test bench set up are given in [38,39].…”

Section: Test Bench Control Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Two-Step Parametrization of a Control-Oriented Zero-Dimensional Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Model Based on Measured Stack Data

Steindl

Jakubek

2021

Processes

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This paper proposes a new efficient two-step method for parametrizing control-oriented zero-dimensional physical polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) models with measured stack data. Parametrizations of these models are computationally intensive due to the numerous unknown parameters and the typically nonlinear, stiff model properties. This work reduces an existing model to decrease its stiffness for accelerated numerical simulations. Subdividing the parametrization into two consecutive subproblems (thermodynamic and electrochemical ones) reduces the solution space significantly. A parameter sensitivity analysis further reduces each sub-solution space by excluding non-significant parameters. The method results in an efficient parametrization process. The two-step approach minimizes each sub-solution space’s dimension by two-thirds, respectively three-fourths, compared to the global one. An achieved R2 value between simulation and measurement of 91% on average provides the required accuracy for control-oriented models.

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“…The powertrain of this vehicle is composed of a 3-phase induction machine, a PEMFC stack, and a battery pack. The power sources are connected in series and the PEMFC acts as a range extender [21]. More details about the specifications of this vehicle are available in [22].…”

Section: Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency Upgrade of Hybrid Fuel Cell Vehicles’ Energy Management Strategies by Online Systemic Management of Fuel Cell

Kandidayeni

Macías

Boulon

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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This paper puts forward an approach for boosting the efficiency of energy management strategies (EMSs) in fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (FCHEVs) using an online systemic management of the fuel cell system (FCS). Unlike other similar works which solely determine the requested current from the FCS, this work capitalizes on simultaneous regulation of current and temperature, which have different dynamic behavior. In this regard, firstly, an online systemic management scheme is developed to guarantee the supply of the requested power from the stack with the highest efficiency. This scheme is based on an updatable 3D map which relates the requested power from the stack to its optimal temperature and current. Secondly, two different EMSs are used to distribute the power between the FCS and battery. The EMSs' constraints are constantly updated by the online model to embrace the stack performance drifts owing to degradation and operating conditions variation. Finally, the effect of integrating the developed online systemic management into the EMSs' design is experimentally scrutinized under two standard driving cycles and indicated that up to 3.7% efficiency enhancement can be reached by employing such a systemic approach. Moreover, FCS health adaptation unawareness can increase the hydrogen consumption up to 6.6%. Index Terms-Online parameter estimation, optimal energy management strategy, proton exchange membrane fuel cell, systemic management, thermal control. NOMENCLATURE ̂ fuel cell estimated power (W) ̂ fuel cell estimated stable temperature (°C) ̇2 consumed oxygen in the reaction (mol/s) ̇2 supplied oxygen to PEMFC (mol/s) ∆ , negative PEMFC power change (W) ∆ positive PEMFC power change (W)

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Experimental PEM-Fuel Cell Range Extender System Operation and Parameter Influence Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Parameter Identification of a Quasi-3D PEM Fuel Cell Model by Numerical Optimization

Parameter Identification of a Quasi-3D PEM Fuel Cell Model by Numerical Optimization

Efficient Two-Step Parametrization of a Control-Oriented Zero-Dimensional Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Model Based on Measured Stack Data

Efficiency Upgrade of Hybrid Fuel Cell Vehicles’ Energy Management Strategies by Online Systemic Management of Fuel Cell

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