Experimental one year ochratoxin A toxicosis in pigs

Stoev, Stoycho D.; Paskalev, M.; MacDonald, Susan; Mantle, Peter G.

doi:10.1078/0940-2993-00213

Cited by 82 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…31,32 Along with reduction in protein, calcium and phosphorus, OTA toxicity resulted in significant increase in the blood glucose levels. This finding was akin to the report of the earlier workers in rats 33 and pig 29 who recorded increase in blood glucose level in ochratoxicosis. It is possible that the depletion of glycogen from liver might have resulted in increased blood glucose levels.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 31%

“…Decreased serum total protein, albumin, globulin values might be due to OTA-induced damage to liver, 27 the major site of protein synthesis. 28,29 OTA has been shown to inhibit the protein synthesis. Further, proteinuria especially albuminuria resulting from toxic damage to nephrons could have resulted in decreased albumin fraction observed in the study and corresponding reduction of A:G ratio.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Toxic Manifestation of Endosulfan and Ochratoxin- A in Adult Male Rats

Jain¹

2015

MOJT

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The study examined effects of Ochratoxin-A (OTA) and Endosulfan on the haematobiochemical changes in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups and fed OTA @ 4ppm in feed (Group I); endosulfan @ 5mg/kg body weight in corn oil by oral intubation (Group II); combination of both endosulfan @ 5mg/kg body weight in corn oil and OTA @ 4ppm in feed (Group III) and toxin free feed (Group IV -control group) daily for 30 days. After treatment, blood was collected from heart for studying haematobiochemical indices. All toxin treated rats showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the body weights. The treated rats became anemic (normocytic hypochromic anemia) and also revealed lympho cytopenic-leukopenia. Biochemical changes included significant decline in, serum globulin, total protein and albumin along with concurrent increased levels of blood glucose, AST and ALT. Spleen of the treated animals showed depletion of lymphocytes on light microscopy. The present investigation revealed significant toxicity in combination group in comparison to single exposure to OTA or endosulfan alone (Group I and Group II, respectively). These findings suggest that concurrent exposure to endosulfan and OTA results in additive toxic manifestation on haemato-biochemical parameters in male rats.Keywords: ochratoxin-a (ota), endosulfan, normocytic normochromic anemia, lymphocytopenia, leucopenia MOJ Toxicology Research ArticleOpen Access 50-60%, respectively. Rice bran was used as bedding material which was changed on every alternate day. The rats were provided with standard laboratory animal feed and water ad libitum. After fifteen days of acclimatization period, they were randomly assigned into four groups viz. Group-I, served as a negative control and rats received standard toxin-free feed; Group-II, rats received diet containing OTA alone at a dietary level of 4ppm (as explained above); Group-III, rats received endosulfan alone dissolved in corn oil at a concentration of 5mg kg -1 b.wt. by oral intubation daily; and Group-IV, rats received both OTA (4ppm) and endosulfan (5mg kg -1 b.wt.) throughout the experiment. 13 The experiment on rats was approved by the Animal Ethical Committee of IVRI, Bareilly. The dose selection criteria for the present stud decided on the basis of oral median lethal dose (LD 50 Toxic manifestation of endosulfan and ochratoxin-a in adult male rats HematologyAt the end of the study i.e. after 30 days post-intoxication, the blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture into heparinised vials during the sacrifice of animals. Complete hemogram, including red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total leukocyte count (TLC) , differential leukocyte count (DLC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were estimated by using standard reference methods of Jain. 16 Serum biochemistryTotal serum protein, albumin (modified Biuret & BCG dye binding methods), blood urea nitrogen (BUN...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 31%

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confidence: 99%

Toxic Manifestation of Endosulfan and Ochratoxin- A in Adult Male Rats

Jain¹

2015

MOJT

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“…Foodstuffs produced from meat or milk of animals that were previously fed with feed contaminated with mycotoxins, may contain cumulated mycotoxins, e.g. ochratoxin A present in the feed for pigs is accumulated in the tissue of fattening pigs [33]. Furthermore, biotransformations of mycotoxins are also frequently observed in animals fed with the feed contaminated with mycotoxins, e.g.…”

Section: Methods Of Limiting the Poisoning With Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of the chosen mycotoxins and their toxic influence on the human and animal metabolism

Lazicka¹,

Orzechowski

2010

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Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of fungi belonging mainly to the Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera. They can be formed in various agricultural produce in specific conditions. These natural and zootoxic chemical compounds cause an array of diseases in people and animals, i.e., mycotoxicoses. Depending on the type and dose, mycotoxins may cause liver, kidney, and lung cancers, as well as damage to the immune system, pathological changes in the nervous system, and reproduction disorders. Many mycotoxins disrupt digestion process, cause vomiting, nausea, anorexia, skin irritation and dermatitis, and even haemorrhages. A significant threat to the health of animals and people can be observed in the case of major infestation of crop ears from which foodstuff or feed are then produced. The ear infestation is facilitated by a suitable humidity and temperature during the growing season or while harvesting and storing the agricultural produce, which enhances the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi. Suitable agricultural treatment, crop rotation, proper storing of crops in the conditions of limited humidity after the harvest as well as regular chemical analyses of the content of mycotoxins minimize their consumption and, accordingly, decrease the threat caused by these substances to the human and animal health.

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“…Table 2 lists data about acute and subchronic toxicity of aristolochic acids I and II (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40) OTA has been suspected to be involved in BEN, a human disease characterised by progressive renal fi brosis and associated with tumours of the urinary tract such as carcinoma of the renal pelvis, ureters, and bladder (42)(43)(44). Kidney fi broma, adenoma, or fi broadenoma have been reported in Bulgarian pigs with mycotoxic progressive nephropathy (MPN) (45)(46)(47). Stoev (48) found a positive correlation between the frequency of spontaneous porcine nephropathy and the rate of OTA contamination of feed samples which were not properly stored on farms.…”

Section: Epidemiological Differences Between Ben and Aanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ochratoxin A and Aristolochic Acid Involvement in Nephropathies and Associated Urothelial Tract Tumours

Pfohl‐Leszkowicz

2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

104

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This review addresses the unresolved aetiology of several nephropathies and associated upper tract tumours diagnosed all over the world, but especially in the Balkan regions. Studies conducted over the last 35 years point to mycotoxins, mainly ochratoxin A (OTA) as the main culprit. Recent theories however have implicated aristolochic acids (AA). The aim of this review is to put forward arguments in favour of the mycotoxin theory and to show the incoherence of the AA theory. It discusses the differences between the epidemiology of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) and aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN); OTA and AA carcinogenicity; clinical and pathological effects induced by OTA and AA; sources of OTA contamination (food, air, drinking water); OTA-and AA-DNA adduct formation; the role of genetic polymorphisms ; and the risk for young children.

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Experimental one year ochratoxin A toxicosis in pigs

Cited by 82 publications

References 10 publications

Toxic Manifestation of Endosulfan and Ochratoxin- A in Adult Male Rats

Toxic Manifestation of Endosulfan and Ochratoxin- A in Adult Male Rats

The characteristics of the chosen mycotoxins and their toxic influence on the human and animal metabolism

Ochratoxin A and Aristolochic Acid Involvement in Nephropathies and Associated Urothelial Tract Tumours

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