Experimental observation of symmetry-breaking nonlinear modes in an active ring

Demokritov, S. O.; Serga, Alexander A.; Demidov, V. E.; Hillebrands, B.; Kostylev, Mikhail; Kalinikos, B. A.

doi:10.1038/nature02042

Cited by 105 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In fact, it is no problem to reach this nonlinear regime by the external excitation of spin waves even for moderate powers that are easily available by conventional microwave signal generators [51,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. Thus, the spin-wave system is a great model system to probe nonlinear wave physics.…”

Section: Spin Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-focused Brillouin light scattering: imaging spin waves at the nanoscale

et al. 2015

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Spin waves are the elementary excitations of the spin system in a magnetically ordered material state and magnons are their quasi particles. In the following article, we will discuss Brillouin light scattering (BLS) spectroscopy which is now a well-established tool for the characterization of spin waves. BLS is the inelastic scattering of light from spin waves and confers several benefits: the ability to map the spin-wave intensity with spatial resolution and high sensitivity as well as the potential for the simultaneous detection of frequency and wave vector. For several decades, the field of spin waves gained huge interest by the scientific community due to its relevance regarding fundamental issues in spin dynamics. Recently, the ongoing research in the field of magnonics has put particular emphasis on the high potential of spin waves regarding information technology. Opposed to charge-based schemes in conventional electronics and spintronics, magnons are charge-free currents of angular momentum, and, therefore, less subject to dissipative scattering processes. These ideas have propelled the quest for concepts to guide and manipulate spin-wave transport as well as for the miniaturization of spin-wave conduits towards sub-micrometer dimensions. For the further development of potential spin-wave-based devices, the ability to directly observe spin-wave propagation with spatial resolution is crucial. As an optical technique, BLS allows for a sub-micron space resolution by the implementation of a microscope objective in the optical setup. Over the last decade, this micro-focus BLS technique has become an established method for the investigation of spin waves in microstructured magnetic elements and proved its value in particular regarding magnonics. In this article, we will discuss the basic principles of BLS and illustrate the experimental optical setup. Particular emphasis will be put on the implementation of the high spatial resolution of BLS microscopes as well as on their computer based operation and automated sample positioning. Owing to these improvements in ease of use as well as experimental applicability, the BLS technique has maintained its relevance for investigations on spin waves in miniaturized magnetic structures as will be illustrated by a selection of experiments.

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Section: Spin Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-focused Brillouin light scattering: imaging spin waves at the nanoscale

et al. 2015

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“…Self-exciting positivefeedback spin-wave systems, often termed spin-wave active rings, are used for this purpose [225,226]. The basis for such an active ring is a dispersive spin-wave waveguide with exciting and receiving antennas connected together via a variable-gain electrical feedback loop (see figure 6(a)).…”

Section: Microwave Signal Generation Based On Magnonic Crystals With mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnonic crystals for data processing

Chumak

Serga

Hillebrands

2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

409

320

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IntroductionThis article focuses on a selection of results in the field of magnonic crystals obtained within the last decade in our group. Special attention is devoted to the application of magnonic crystals in data processing and information technologies. Because of the large number of achievements in the field, it is unavoidable that many important results are excluded from this article. Therefore, we would like to direct the reader's attention to excellent reviews devoted to different aspects of magnonic crystals: spin-wave dynamics in periodic structures for microwave applications [1, 2], Brillouin light scattering (BLS) studies of planar metallic magnonic crystals [3], micromagnetic computer simulations of width-modulated waveguides [4], photo-magnonic aspects of antidot lattices studies [5], theoretical studies of one-dimensional monomode waveguides [6], and reconfigurable magnonic crystals [7]. The results presented in the current review were already partially presented in our own reviews of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) magnonics [8] and magnon spintronics [9] as well as in book chapters on dynamic magnonic crystals [10] and magnon spintronics [11].The article is organized in the following way: In the introduction we describe the field of magnon spintronics and discuss the role of magnonic crystals in it. The next section 2 is devoted to the properties of spin waves in thin planar films and waveguides, to the magnetic materials commonly used in the field, and to the methods of spin-wave excitation and detection. Sections 3 and 4 are devoted to the study of physical phenomena taking place in static and dynamic magnonic crystals, respectively. The application of magnonic crystals for magnonbased processing of analog and digital data is discussed in section 5. Specifically, static magnonic crystals can be used as passive elements, like microwave filters, resonators or delay lines for microwave generation. Reconfigurable and dynamic magnonic crystals are promising as active devices performing, for example, tunable filtering, frequency conversion or time reversal. In the final section we briefly summarize the results. Magnon spintronics: from electron-to magnon-based computingA disturbance in the local magnetic order can propagate in a magnetic material in the form of a wave. This wave was first predicted by Bloch in 1929 and was named spin wave since AbstractMagnons (the quanta of spin waves) propagating in magnetic materials with wavelengths at the nanometer-scale and carrying information in the form of an angular momentum can be used as data carriers in next-generation, nano-sized low-loss information processing systems. In this respect, artificial magnetic materials with properties periodically varied in space, known as magnonic crystals, are especially promising for controlling and manipulating magnon currents. In this article, different approaches for the realization of static, reconfigurable, and dynamic magnonic crystals are presented along with a variety of novel wave phenomena discovered in these cryst...

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“…Hybrid transport: Magnons can hybridize with other quasi-particles like phonons, creating a hybridized particle with new properties, such as decreased damping and increased group velocity. These magneto-elastic modes play a role for diffusive transport, SSE and the energy flow during the thermalisation of low energy magnons, but they can also be used to further improve the distances, as well as the excitation and detection schemes of ballistic transport [138]. 8.…”

Section: Antiferromagnetic (Afm) Magnon Spintronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap

Sander

Valenzuela

Makarov

et al. 2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

316

207

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Building upon the success and relevance of the 2014 Magnetism Roadmap, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap edition follows a similar general layout, even if its focus is naturally shifted, and a different group of experts and, thus, viewpoints are being collected and presented. More importantly, key developments have changed the research landscape in very relevant ways, so that a novel view onto some of the most crucial developments is warranted, and thus, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap article is a timely endeavour. The change in landscape is hereby not exclusively scientific, but also reflects the magnetism related industrial application portfolio. Specifically, Hard Disk Drive technology, which still dominates digital storage and will continue to do so for many years, if not decades, has now limited its footprint in the scientific Topical ReviewOriginal content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. and research community, whereas significantly growing interest in magnetism and magnetic materials in relation to energy applications is noticeable, and other technological fields are emerging as well. Also, more and more work is occurring in which complex topologies of magnetically ordered states are being explored, hereby aiming at a technological utilization of the very theoretical concepts that were recognised by the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics.Given this somewhat shifted scenario, it seemed appropriate to select topics for this Roadmap article that represent the three core pillars of magnetism, namely magnetic materials, magnetic phenomena and associated characterization techniques, as well as applications of magnetism. While many of the contributions in this Roadmap have clearly overlapping relevance in all three fields, their relative focus is mostly associated to one of the three pillars. In this way, the interconnecting roles of having suitable magnetic materials, understanding (and being able to characterize) the underlying physics of their behaviour and utilizing them for applications and devices is well illustrated, thus giving an accurate snapshot of the world of magnetism in 2017.The article consists of 14 sections, each written by an expert in the field and addressing a specific subject on two pages. Evidently, the depth at which each contribution can describe the subject matter is limited and a full review of their statuses, advances, challenges and perspectives cannot be fully accomplished. Also, magnetism, as a vibrant research field, is too diverse, so that a number of areas will not be adequately represented here, leaving space for further Roadmap editions in the future. However, this 2017 Magnetism Roadmap article can provide a frame that will enable the reader to judge where each subject and magnetism research field stands overall today and which directions it might take in the foreseeable future.The first mater...

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Experimental observation of symmetry-breaking nonlinear modes in an active ring

Cited by 105 publications

References 16 publications

Micro-focused Brillouin light scattering: imaging spin waves at the nanoscale

Micro-focused Brillouin light scattering: imaging spin waves at the nanoscale

Magnonic crystals for data processing

The 2017 Magnetism Roadmap

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