Experimental, numerical, and multi-objective optimization investigations on the energy absorption features of single- and bi-layer deep-drawn cups

Abstract

In this article, the energy absorption features of single- and bi-layer deep-drawn cups (S- and B-cups, respectively) under a quasi-static axial loading are investigated experimentally and numerically. The S-cups were made of 304L stainless steel and explosively welded B-cups were composed of aluminum and 304L stainless steel layers. A multi-objective optimization was performed on specific energy absorption and initial peak force based on the polynomial response surface method. Furthermore, to compare the energy absorption features of deep-drawn cups, two groups of 304L stainless steel tubes (with the same mass or the same height as the S-cups) were axially compressed. The experimental results indicated that the S-cups experienced total energy absorption and mean crush force approximately 24% and 51% greater than those of tubes with the same mass and thickness, respectively. Furthermore, the total efficiency and specific total efficiency of the S-cups were approximately 0.23 and 1.82 times greater than those of tubes with the same height and thickness. Moreover, the energy absorbing effectiveness factor of B-cups was approximately twice of the S-cup.

Numerical study on energy absorption characteristics of bio-mimetic multi-cell thin-walled structures with different hierarchy

“…15 Finally, the optimal design parameters can be provided for the energy absorbing structure to maximize the crashworthiness by the method of multiobjective optimization. [16][17][18] The filling materials of aluminum foam and polyurethane have received extensive attention owing to their mechanical behavior, and they have desirable characteristics and can significantly improve the crashworthiness of composite structures in collision process. [19][20][21] The experimental results show that the crushing behavior of foam-filled mixed structure is obviously improved comparing with that of empty hybrid structure, and the crushing resistant behavior of foam-filled hybrid tubes is positively related to the situation of the adding material.…”

“…15 Finally, the optimal design parameters can be provided for the energy absorbing structure to maximize the crashworthiness by the method of multi-objective optimization. 16–18…”

Ballistic characterization of fiber elastomer metal laminate composites and effect of positioning of fiber reinforced elastomer

“…Similarly, a study carried out by Roy et al 29 proved that Kevlar-reinforced rubber absorbs better energy compared to neat Kevlar. Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer rubber layers proved beneficial in reducing the damage threshold loads according to a study carried out by Stelldinger et al 30 Few researchers have studied the impact response of monolithic metallic plates, rubber panels, 26 notched aluminium plates, 31 bilayer deep-drawn cups, 32 composites, 33 bilayer aluminium rubber laminates 9 and so on. However, the impact response of tri-layer fibre metal elastomer laminates seems to be an area of study not much concentrated upon.…”

Optimization of performance in multi-cell beams with different surface slopes for use in vehicle structure using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition

“…3,4 The research on the use of the energy absorption systems and optimization of the systems is a scientific topic in impact mechanics. 5,6 Energy absorbers are usually analyzed through force–displacement curves, because these curves can derive parameters that well describe the behavior of absorbers and beams. The known parameters are peak force (PF), energy absorption (EA), specific energy absorption (SEA), mean force (MF), and crashworthiness.…”