Experimental Neonatal Syphilis. I. Evidence of Resistance to Symptomatic Infection in Neonatal Rabbits following Intradermal Inoculation with Treponema pallidum (Nichols Strain)

Gamboa, Darlene; Miller, James N.

doi:10.1203/00006450-198410000-00012

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We have clearly demonstrated the innate resistance of neonatal rabbits to symptomatic infection with T. pallidurn; the question of whether the organisms were completely eliminated or persisted as an asymptomatic infection was not determined (9). In the present study, treponemes could be found after 2 weeks at the inoculation sites of T. pallidurn-injected neonates who had developed atypical lesions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Though it is possible that more sensitive methods might reveal such a relationship, it apears more likely that neonatal resistance may be related, at least in part, to nonimmune factors (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T. pallidurn, Nichols strain, was maintained by intratesticular passage in rabbits as previously described (9). The nonviability of a control suspension of heat-killed T. pallidurn (56"C, 1 h) was confirmed as described by Miller et a/.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Neonatal Syphilis. II. Immunological Responses of Neonatal Rabbits to Intradermal Inoculation with Treponema pallidum (Nichols Strain)

et al. 1984

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SummaryThe immunological competence of neonatal rabbits inoculated intradermally with Treponerna pallidurn was examined. Both cellular responses and the production of humoral antibody to specific T. pallidurn antigens and to nonspecific antigens or mitogens were investigated. In blast transformation assays, splenic and popliteal lymph node lymphocytes from neonates inoculated with virulent T. pallidurn responsed to T. pallidurn antigens in a manner similar to or greater than inoculated adult rabbits. Splenic and popliteal lymph node lymphocytes from both uninoculated and T. pallidurn-inoculated neonate and adult animals showed consistent and similar responses to concanavalin A. Both neonate and adult animals inoculated with heat-killed T. pallidurn also responded but to a significantly lesser degree. Immunofluorescent examination of skin sections from the site of inoculation of adult and neonatal animals revealed 1) that the early infiltrate was composed predominntly of T cells, 2) diffuse antibody staining with rare B cells, and 3) fewer treponemes with significant fragmentation in neonates as compared to adult controls. Antibody production by neonates inoculated with virulent T. pallidurn was delayed 4 to 6 weeks postinoculation as measured by the fluorescent Treponemal antibody absorption and Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test procedures, respectively. Antibody was not detected among neonates inoculated with heat-killed treponemes during a 6-week observation period and only low levels of VDRL antibody were detected in a few adult control animals.Evidence for incomplete resistance of neonatal rabbits to the intradermal inoculation of Treponerna pallidurn was provided. Twenty-two of 23 neonatal rabbits resistant to symptomatic infection upon initial inoculation with treponemes were also resistant to homologous challenge 3 to 5 months later, thus indicating a refractive state. Additional evidence was provided by the appearance of generalized lesions among seven of 29 neonates.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Neonatal Syphilis. II. Immunological Responses of Neonatal Rabbits to Intradermal Inoculation with Treponema pallidum (Nichols Strain)

et al. 1984

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“…It may also account for the ontogenic differences in susceptibility to cutaneous infections in these strains of gps (29). Ontogenic changes in susceptibility to cutaneous infection with TP has been also demonstrated in the rabbit model (30) and in infection of mice with another pathogenic spirocheta Borrelia burgdorferi (31). The possibility that lack of the C4 complement component may play a role in the susceptibility of C4D gps is not consistent with the fact that approximately 85% of complement-sufficient inbred strains 2 and 13 gps also respond to cutaneous TP infection with a severe local inflammatory reaction (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Time-Dependent Clearance of VirulentTreponema pallidumin Susceptible and Resistant Strains of Guinea Pigs Is Significantly Different

Wicher

Abbruscato

et al. 1999

Clinical Immunology

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“…Similarly, an age-associated difference in susceptibility to cutaneous infection with T. pallidum subsp. pallidum has also been shown in the rabbit (12). On the other hand, genetic polymorphism within the same species may also account for the variable expression described in human yaws (26) and in the hamster model (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Treponema pallidumsubsp.pertenueDisplays Pathogenic Properties Different from Those ofT. pallidumsubsp.pallidum

Wicher

Abbruscato

et al. 2000

Infect Immun

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The present study described the susceptibility of C4D guinea pigs to cutaneous infection with Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue Haiti B strain. The general manifestations of the disease in adults and neonates differ, to a certain degree, from those induced by T. pallidum subsp. pallidum Nichols strain. Noticeable differences between the infections were reflected in the character of the skin lesions, their onset and persistence, and the kinetics of the humoral response. The incidence and dissemination of cutaneous yaws lesions in very young guinea pigs were remarkably different from the low frequency observed in a similar age group of syphilis infection, 100 versus 17%, respectively. Moreover, as opposed to T. pallidum subsp. pallidum, T. pallidum subsp. pertenue does not cross the placenta. Offspring born to yaws-infected mothers did not produce immunoglobulin M antibodies and their organs, examined by PCR and rabbit infectivity test (RIT), were all negative. Examination of a large number of tissues and organs in adult, neonate, and maternal yaws by PCR and RIT clearly demonstrated that, unlike syphilis, there was a low incidence and short persistence of the yaws pathogen in internal organs. These findings stress the dermotropic rather than the organotropic character of yaws and provide further evidence of distinctive biological and pathological differences between yaws and venereal syphilis.

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Experimental Neonatal Syphilis. I. Evidence of Resistance to Symptomatic Infection in Neonatal Rabbits following Intradermal Inoculation with Treponema pallidum (Nichols Strain)

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Experimental Neonatal Syphilis. II. Immunological Responses of Neonatal Rabbits to Intradermal Inoculation with Treponema pallidum (Nichols Strain)

Experimental Neonatal Syphilis. II. Immunological Responses of Neonatal Rabbits to Intradermal Inoculation with Treponema pallidum (Nichols Strain)

The Time-Dependent Clearance of VirulentTreponema pallidumin Susceptible and Resistant Strains of Guinea Pigs Is Significantly Different

Treponema pallidumsubsp.pertenueDisplays Pathogenic Properties Different from Those ofT. pallidumsubsp.pallidum

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