EXPERIMENTAL NANOMECHANICS OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOMATERIALS BY <i>IN SITU</i> MICROSCOPY

Han, Xiao; Zhang, Ze; Wang, Zhong Lin

doi:10.1142/s1793292007000623

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…The conventional TEM heating stage, now with the fabricated bimetallic strips, can therefore serve as a double-tilt, displacement-controlled tensile stage. With this device, investigations of the plastic deformation behavior of nanocrystalline materials, 29,41,42 NCs [43][44][45] and metallic glasses 46,47 can be conducted and observed in situ at the atomic scale.…”

Section: Experimental Techniques By In Situ Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ experimental mechanics of nanomaterials at the atomic scale

2013

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Sub-micron and nanostructured materials exhibit high strength, ultra-large elasticity and unusual plastic deformation behaviors. These properties are important for their applications as building blocks for the fabrication of nano-and micro-devices as well as for their use as components for composite materials, high-strength structural and novel functional materials. These nano-related deformation and mechanical behaviors, which are derived from possible size and dimensional effects and the low density of defects, are considerably different from their conventional bulk counterparts. The atomic-scale understanding of the microstructural evolution process of nanomaterials when they are subjected to external stress is crucial for understanding these 'unusual' phenomena and is important for designing new materials, novel structures and applications. This review presents the recent developments in the methods, techniques, instrumentation and scientific progress for atomic-scale in situ deformation dynamics on nanomaterials, including nanowires, nanotubes, nanocrystals, nanofilms and polycrystalline nanomaterials. The unusual dislocation initiation, partial-full dislocation transition, crystalline-amorphous transitions and fracture phenomena related to the experimental mechanics of the nanomaterials are reviewed. Current limitations and future aspects using in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy of nanomaterials are also discussed. A new research field of in situ experimental mechanics at the atomic scale is thus expected. Keywords: atomic scale; dislocation; experimental mechanics; in situ; nanomaterial; twin INTRODUCTION Recent studies on nanostructured materials, including nanowires (NWs), 1,2 nanotubes (NTs), 1,3 nanocrystals (NC), 4 micro/nanopillars (NPs) 5-7 and nanocrystalline, 8,9 have revealed a variety of 'unusual deformation' phenomena compared with their bulk counterparts, such as high strength, nano-piezoelectric effects and unusual plastic deformation behaviors. Nanostructured materials can apparently sustain a larger dynamic range of elastic and plastic strains than conventional materials. The results from these studies indicate that the fundamental dislocation processes that initiate and sustain plastic flow and fracture in nanoscale materials are considerably different than in their conventional bulk counterparts. These 'unusual' phenomena not only allow these materials to possess excellent mechanical properties but also enable the tuning of their band structures and related novel electronic, magnetic, optical, photonic and catalytic properties. Revealing the atomic-scale deformation mechanisms of nanomaterials (NM) and controlling their elastic and plastic properties are useful for realizing the desired mechanical, physical and chemical properties through the application of stress or strain.Although extensive studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of NM, 10 the majority of the atomic

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Section: Experimental Techniques By In Situ Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ experimental mechanics of nanomaterials at the atomic scale

2013

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“…There are no other reviews covering the full spectrum of the TEM-SPM method, however, Wang et al have made several reviews on their extensive early TEMSPM work [6][7][8][9]. Furthermore, Golberg et al have published a review on their recent work on characterizing various nanotube materials using the TEMSPM technique [10] and Nelson et al have reviewed the nanorobotic aspects of carbon nanotubes [11][12][13].…”

Section: Why Combine Spm and Tem?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.3.1, but a more direct way is to utilize the TEMAFM with its ability to measure nN forces during bending of a nanowire and to use the TEM for imaging of the nanowire size and shape. These structures are challenging to measure using a standard AFM because the AFM cannot be used for both imaging and point force measurements simultaneously, and the sample requires an elaborate preparation [9]. The TEMAFM characterization of nanostructures is generally performed by first attaching the nanostructures to a wire, typically using electrically conductive glue, and then mounting it in the sample holder.…”

Section: Elastic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Scanning Probe Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy

Nafari¹,

Angenete²,

Svensson

et al. 2010

Scanning Probe Microscopy in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 2

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This chapter is a review of an in situ method where a scanning probe microscope (SPM) has been combined with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). By inserting a miniaturized SPM inside a TEM, a large set of open problems can be addressed and, perhaps more importantly, one may start to think about experiments in a new kind of laboratory, an in situ TEM probing laboratory, where the TEM is transformed from a microscope for still images to a real-time local probing tool. In this method, called TEMSPM, the TEM is used for imaging and analysis of a sample and SPM tip, while the SPM is used for probing of electrical and mechanical properties or for local manipulation of the sample. This chapter covers both instrumental and applicational aspects of TEMSPM. Abbreviations

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“…41 Up to now, our understanding of the atomic-scale deformation mechanisms of small sized BCC metals relys predominately on simulations, [42][43][44] which proposed that the poor homogeneous elongation capability of BCC metals is likely due to the low mobility and the self-propagation of screw dislocations. 43,[45][46][47] In this study, by using our home-made in situ tensile device, [48][49][50] we monitored the plastic deformation behavior of single crystal Ta nanoplates with a lateral dimension of ∼200 nm in width and ∼100 nm in thickness inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM). From which, we discovered ultra-large homogeneous elongation (up to 63%) in BCC structured single crystal Ta nanoplates under ambient temperature (below ∼60 • C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-large elongation and dislocation behavior of nano-sized tantalum single crystals

Lü

Kong

et al. 2017

AIP Advances

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Although extensive simulations and experimental investigations have been carried out, the plastic deformation mechanism of body-centered-cubic (BCC) metals is still unclear. With our home-made device, the in situ tensile tests of single crystal tantalum (Ta) nanoplates with a lateral dimension of ∼200 nm in width and ∼100 nm in thickness were conducted inside a transmission electron microscope. We discovered an unusual ambient temperature (below ∼60°C) ultra-large elongation which could be as large as 63% on Ta nanoplates. The in situ observations revealed that the continuous and homogeneous dislocation nucleation and fast dislocation escape lead to the ultra-large elongation in BCC Ta nanoplates. Besides commonly believed screw dislocations, a large amount of mixed dislocation with b=12<111> were also found during the tensile loading, indicating the dislocation process can be significantly influenced by the small sizes of BCC metals. These results provide basic understanding of plastic deformation in BCC metallic nanomaterials.

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EXPERIMENTAL NANOMECHANICS OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL NANOMATERIALS BY IN SITU MICROSCOPY

Cited by 36 publications

References 73 publications

In situ experimental mechanics of nanomaterials at the atomic scale

In situ experimental mechanics of nanomaterials at the atomic scale

Combining Scanning Probe Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy

Ultra-large elongation and dislocation behavior of nano-sized tantalum single crystals

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