Experimental Motion Sickness in Dogs Functional Importance of Chemoceptive Emetic Trigger Zone

Wang, S. C.; Chinn, Herman I.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1954.178.1.111

Cited by 60 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In animal experiments the destruction of this cerebral region eliminated motion sickness symptoms [42]. Supratentorial structures do not play an important role in producing motion sickness because the removal of the cerebrum in animals does not change motion sickness susceptibility [43].…”

Section: Central Structures Involved In Motion Sicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Mechanisms and the Treatment of Motion Sickness

Schmäl¹

2013

Pharmacology

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The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the physiological basis, clinical picture and treatment options for motion sickness. Motion sickness is a well-known nausea and vomiting syndrome in otherwise healthy people. The physical signs of motion sickness occur in both humans and animals during travel by sea, automobile or airplane and in space. Furthermore, some other special situations, such as simulators, the cinema and video games, have been described as causing pseudomotion sickness. Children between 2 and 12 years old are most susceptible to motion sickness, and women are more frequently affected than men. Predisposing factors include menstruation, pregnancy, migraines and possibly a side difference in the mass of otoconia in the vestibular organs. Therapy is directed towards decreasing conflicting sensory input, accelerating the process of adaptation and controlling nausea and vomiting. To control these vegetative symptoms, scopolamine and antihistamines are the most effective drugs.

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Section: Central Structures Involved In Motion Sicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal Mechanisms and the Treatment of Motion Sickness

Schmäl¹

2013

Pharmacology

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“…This mechanism is definitely necessary for the vomiting reflex to occur to motion (Wang & Chinn, 1954).…”

Section: Chemoreceptor Trigger Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Motion Sickness with Special Reference to Simulator Sickness

Kennedy¹,

Frank²

1985

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“…Area postrema has been implicated as a trigger zone for motion-induced emesis in the dog (Wang and Chinn, 1954) and monkey (Brizzee et al, 1980). However, more recent results are not as definite regarding its functional role (Borison and Borison, 1986;Wilpizeski et al, 1986;Sutton et al, 1988;Fox et al, 1990), and precisely how the area postrema affects vestibular reflex responses is still controversial (Jovanovic-Micic and Strbac, 1989;Gallo et al, 199 1).…”

Section: Arsanilate Labyrinthectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fos-defined activity in rat brainstem following centripetal acceleration

1992

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To identify rat brainstem nuclei involved in the initial, shortterm response to a change in gravito-inertial force, adult Long-Evans rats were rotated in the horizontal plane for 90 min in complete darkness after they were eccentrically positioned off the axis of rotation (off-axis) causing a centripetal acceleration of 2 g. Neural activation was defined by the brainstem distribution of the c-fos primary response gene protein, Fos, using immunohistochemistry.The Fos labeling in off-axis animals was compared with that of control animals who were rotated on the axis of rotation (on-axis) with no centripetal acceleration, or who were restrained but not rotated. In the off-axis animals there was a significant labeling of neurons: in the inferior, medial, and y-group subnuclei of the vestibular complex; in subnuclei of the inferior olive, especially the dorsomedial cell column; in midbrain nuclei, including the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, Edinger-Westphal nucleus, and dorsolateral periaqueductal gray; in autonomic centers including the solitary nucleus, area postrema, and locus coeruleus; and in reticular nuclei including the lateral reticular nucleus and the lateral parabrachial nucleus. Also, there was greater Fos expression in the dorsomedial cell column, the principal inferior olive subnuclei, inferior vestibular nucleus, the dorsolateral central gray, and the locus coeruleus in animals who had their heads restrained compared to animals whose heads were not restrained. As one control, the vestibular neuroepithelium was destroyed by injecting sodium arsanilate into the middle ear, bilaterally. This resulted in a complete lack of Fos labeling in the vestibular nuclei and the inferior olive, and a significant reduction in labeling in other nuclei in the off-axis condition, indicating that these nuclei have a significant labyrinth-sensitive component to their Fos labeling. The data indicate that several novel brainstem regions, including the dorsomedial cell column of the inferior olive and the periaqueductal gray, as well as more traditional brainstem nuclei including vestibular and oculomotor related nuclei, respond to otolith activation during a sustained centripetal acceleration.Received Mar. 2, 1992; revised June 5, 1992; accepted June 12, 1992. We thank Jaw-Hem Lee and Huna Nauven for their sutmortine work in our labs. This work is made possible by a griduate student researchepprogram fellowship and NIH Grants DC01086, NS19208, DC001 10, DE06682, and DA06687.Correspondence should be addressed to Alvin J. Normal coordination of body movement and posture depends upon an accurate spatial reference. The otolith organs of the vestibular labyrinth are sensitive to the direction and magnitude of the earth's gravity and could provide a reference for integrating vestibular, visual, and somatosensory information to help control movement. When a sustained change in the gravitoinertial force occurs (e.g., from a novel linear motion, in a microgravity environment, or as a result of inner ear...

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Experimental Motion Sickness in Dogs Functional Importance of Chemoceptive Emetic Trigger Zone

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Neuronal Mechanisms and the Treatment of Motion Sickness

Neuronal Mechanisms and the Treatment of Motion Sickness

A Review of Motion Sickness with Special Reference to Simulator Sickness

Fos-defined activity in rat brainstem following centripetal acceleration

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