Experimental Mood Inductions in Persons at High and Low Risk for Alcohol Problems

Randall, David M.

doi:10.1081/ada-100103126

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Willner et al ., 1998 ). Most interestingly, individuals at high risk for alcohol-related disorders have been found to drink more beer following a negative mood induction when compared to low-risk individuals ( Randall and Cox, 2001 ). These fi ndings are in line with research demonstrating an increased sensitivity to the reinforcing effects of alcohol in high-risk individuals (e.g.…”

Section: Cue Reactivitysupporting

confidence: 68%

Beer and Current Mood State

Demmel

Nicolai

2009

Beer in Health and Disease Prevention

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Section: Cue Reactivitysupporting

confidence: 68%

Beer and Current Mood State

Demmel

Nicolai

2009

Beer in Health and Disease Prevention

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“…Future studies are needed to test the resulting interactive effects of specific craving domains with additional psychological constructs related to addiction such as state emotion (e.g., Randall and Cox, 2001), psychophysiology (e.g., Dempsey, Cohen, Hobson, and Randall, 2007), information processing (e.g., Tiffany, 1990; Tiffany and Conklin, 2000), coping skills (e.g., Monti and Rohsenow, 1999) and cue reactivity as predictors of initial treatment success and sustained abstinence. Finally, it is predicted that by improving the assessment of alcohol craving among alcohol dependent populations, case conceptualization and treatment will be improved leading to better long-term treatment outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire-Now factor structures: Application of a cue reactivity paradigm

Connolly¹,

Coffey²,

Baschnagel³

et al. 2009

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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The current study compared the psychometric properties and clinical/research utility of four distinct factor/subscale models of alcohol craving (three factor-derived models, and one rationally-derived model) as measured by the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire-Now in social (n = 52) and alcohol dependent (n = 71) drinkers. All participants completed a self-report measure of alcohol abuse in addition to engaging in a structured interview and cue reactivity protocol. Participants provided selfreported craving, as well as desire to approach or avoid drinking, during a cue exposure task using separate analogue scales. Factor/subscale models were compared in terms of internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and ability to predict cue-elicited approach and craving in addition to diagnostic status. All models demonstrated high levels of internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and the ability to predict both cue-elicited craving and alcohol dependence status. Specific strengths and weaknesses of each model are examined and the theoretical, clinical, and research utility of the current findings are discussed.

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“…Individual sensitivity to mood-induced drug seeking also correlates with withdrawal-induced drug seeking suggesting a common mechanism [7]. Importantly however, although alcohol dependence has been associated with greater mood/stress-induced drug motivation in some studies [147,[151][152][153], a sizable number of other studies have reported null associations [10,113,115,137,143,146,148,149,154]. The implication is that although dependence severity is associated with preferential goal-directed drug choice, negative affectinduced priming of drug motivation is predominantly linked to psychiatric symptoms and drug use coping motives, and this second process may represent the unique additional risk factor that drives addiction in those with psychiatric comorbidities and subclinical psychiatric symptoms.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addiction is driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect: translational critique of habit and compulsion theory

Hogarth

2020

Neuropsychopharmacol.

204

158

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Drug addiction may be a goal-directed choice driven by excessive drug value in negative affective states, a habit driven by strong stimulus−response associations, or a compulsion driven by insensitivity to costs imposed on drug seeking. Laboratory animal and human evidence for these three theories is evaluated. Excessive goal theory is supported by dependence severity being associated with greater drug choice/economic demand. Drug choice is demonstrably goal-directed (driven by the expected value of the drug) and can be augmented by stress/negative mood induction and withdrawal-effects amplified in those with psychiatric symptoms and drug use coping motives. Furthermore, psychiatric symptoms confer risk of dependence, and coping motives mediate this risk. Habit theory of addiction has weaker support. Habitual behaviour seen in drug-exposed animals often does not occur in complex decision scenarios, or where responding is rewarded, so habit is unlikely to explain most human addictive behaviour where these conditions apply. Furthermore, most human studies have not found greater propensity to habitual behaviour in drug users or as a function of dependence severity, and the minority that have can be explained by task disengagement producing impaired explicit contingency knowledge. Compulsion theory of addiction also has weak support. The persistence of punished drug seeking in animals is better explained by greater drug value (evinced by the association with economic demand) than by insensitivity to costs. Furthermore, human studies have provided weak evidence that propensity to discount cost imposed on drug seeking is associated with dependence severity. These data suggest that human addiction is primarily driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect, and less by habit or compulsion. Addiction is pathological because negative states powerfully increase expected drug value acutely outweighing abstinence goals.

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Experimental Mood Inductions in Persons at High and Low Risk for Alcohol Problems

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Beer and Current Mood State

Beer and Current Mood State

Evaluation of the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire-Now factor structures: Application of a cue reactivity paradigm

Addiction is driven by excessive goal-directed drug choice under negative affect: translational critique of habit and compulsion theory

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