Experimental Models of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: An Overview

Abstract

In the last 50 years, several experimental models of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) have been described. These models have aided scientists and physicians to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AAA development and progression. In addition, they have served as means for the development of a number of conservative (such as doxyxycline, marimastat and propranolol) and surgical treatment options for the management of AAAs. In the last few years, experimental models have contributed in the development of novel endovascular techniques for the treatment of AAAs. Animal models of endovascular grafts and percutaneous techniques comprise an essential step for the successful clinical application of these procedures. Additionally, they may comprise part of the training process for vascular surgeons.The different experimental AAA models are briefly presented and their clinical significance is discussed. Experimental models play an essential role in the field of research for the development of more successful therapeutic alternatives for the management of AAAs.

Coaxial electrospun Ag-NPs-loaded endograft membrane with long-term antibacterial function treating mycotic aortic aneurysm

“…Due to the porcine aorta has similarities with the human abdominal aorta in terms of morphology, physiology, and branch vessel distribution [ 49 ], it is appropriate model for studying abdominal aortic aneurysms and evaluating the efficacy and safety of metal vascular stents with Ag-NPs-loaded membranes [ 50 ]. Results of HE staining of porcine aneurysm grafts showed that the pig implanted with stent covered with Ag-NPs-loaded membrane had a significant higher rate of organized thrombus in aneurysm sac and inflammatory infiltration.…”

Coaxial electrospun Ag-NPs-loaded endograft membrane with long-term antibacterial function treating mycotic aortic aneurysm.

“…Because the porcine aorta has similarities with the human abdominal aorta in terms of morphology, physiology, and branch vessel distribution 49 , it is appropriate model for studying abdominal aortic aneurysms and evaluating the e cacy and safety of metal vascular stents with Ag-NPs-loaded membranes 50 . Results of HE staining of porcine aneurysm grafts showed that the pig implanted with stent covered with Ag-NPs-loaded membrane had a signi cant in ammatory reaction.…”

A multimodality vascular imaging phantom of an abdominal aortic aneurysm with a visible thrombus

“…11 Among others, in vivo animal experimentations have played an important role in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of AAAs and are still an interesting means for validating new endovascular techniques. 12,13 Animal experimentations have also been relevant to human diseases by giving more detailed information on the healing process following EVAR and the genesis of endoleaks. 14,15 These animal models are expensive, difficult to control or repeat, and measurement accuracy cannot always be precisely determined.…”