Experimental Models for Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Kong, Yi‐chi M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-704-8_4

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…In animal models of induced AITD, the strategy is based on the use of crude thyroid extracts, purified Tg or TPO, and selected ectodomains. Of these models, the best studied use nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, which highlights the fact that NOD mice can develop different experimental ADs (including AITD) [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Animal Models Of Aitdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Vargas‐Uricoechea

2023

Cells

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The most common cause of acquired thyroid dysfunction is autoimmune thyroid disease, which is an organ-specific autoimmune disease with two presentation phenotypes: hyperthyroidism (Graves-Basedow disease) and hypothyroidism (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis). Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is distinguished by the presence of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. Meanwhile, autoantibodies against the TSH receptor have been found in Graves-Basedow disease. Numerous susceptibility genes, as well as epigenetic and environmental factors, contribute to the pathogenesis of both diseases. This review summarizes the most common genetic, epigenetic, and environmental mechanisms involved in autoimmune thyroid disease.

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Section: Animal Models Of Aitdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Vargas‐Uricoechea

2023

Cells

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“…While there is considerable overlap in terms of anti‐Tg and anti‐TPO Ab responses in HT and GD, it is interesting that induced experimental models of thyroid autoimmunity have long been described for Tg, but those for TPO and TSHR have lagged behind [13]. Experimental murine models of GD have only been described more recently by using several novel protocols for immunization with TSHR [14–16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superiority of thyroid peroxidase DNA over protein immunization in replicating human thyroid autoimmunity in HLA-DRB1*0301 (DR3) transgenic mice

Flynn

Gardas

Wan

et al. 2004

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYMurine experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT), characterized by thyroid destruction after immunization with thyroglobulin (Tg), has long been a useful model of organ-specific autoimmune disease. More recently, porcine thyroid peroxidase (pTPO) has also been shown to induce thyroiditis, but these results have not been confirmed. When (C57BL/6 ¥ CBA) F 1 mice, recently shown to be susceptible to mouse TPO-induced EAT, were immunized with plasmid DNA to human TPO (hTPO) and cytokines IL-12 or GM-CSF, significant antibody (Ab) titres were generated, but minimal thyroiditis was detected in one mouse only from the TPO + GM-CSF immunized group. However, after TPO DNA immunization of HLA-DR3 transgenic class II-deficient NOD mice, thyroiditis was present in 23% of mice injected with TPO + IL-12 or GM-CSF. We also used another marker for assessing the closeness of the model to human thyroid autoimmunity by examining the epitope profile of the anti-TPO Abs to immunodominant determinants on TPO. Remarkably, the majority of the anti-TPO Abs was directed to immunodominant regions A and B, demonstrating the close replication of the model to human autoimmunity. TPO protein immunizations of HLA-DR3 transgenic mice with recombinant hTPO did not result in thyroiditis, nor did immunization of other mice expressing HLA class II transgenes HLA-DR4 or HLA-DQ8, with differential susceptibility to Tg-induced EAT. Moreover, our efforts to duplicate exactly the experimental procedures used with pTPO also failed to induce thyroiditis. The success of hTPO plasmid DNA immunization of DR3 + mice, similar to our reports on Tg-induced thyroiditis and thyrotropin receptor DNA-induced Graves' hyperthyroidism, underscores the importance of DR3 genes for all three major thyroid antigens, and provides another humanized model to study autoimmune thyroid disease.

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Extent of Regulatory T Cell Influence on Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Gene Control of Susceptibility in Murine Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Kong

Morris

David

Molecular Autoimmunity

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Experimental Models for Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 81 publications

Molecular Mechanisms in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Molecular Mechanisms in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Superiority of thyroid peroxidase DNA over protein immunization in replicating human thyroid autoimmunity in HLA-DRB1*0301 (DR3) transgenic mice

Extent of Regulatory T Cell Influence on Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Gene Control of Susceptibility in Murine Autoimmune Thyroiditis

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