Experimental modelling studies on the removal of dyes and heavy metal ions using ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles

Abstract

The presence of dyes and heavy metals in water sources as pollutants is harmful to human and animal health. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) nanoparticles (ZF-NPs) due to their outstanding properties including cost-effectiveness, availability, and applicability for removal of auramine O (AO), methylene blue (MB), and Cd (II). The effect of the main operating parameters such as AO concentration, MB concentration, Cd (II) concentration, adsorbent amount, solution pH, and sonication time was optimized by the response surface methodology (RSM). Optimal conditions were obtained at adsorbent amount of 0.25 g, pH = 6, sonication time of 15 min, and concentration of 15 mg L−1, and more than 91.56% were removed from all three analytes. The adsorption of AO, MB, and Cd (II) onto ZF-NPs followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the equilibrium data fitted well with Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacities of ZF-NPs for AO, MB and Cd (II) were as high as 201.29 mg g−1, 256.76 mg g−1 and 152.48 mg g−1, respectively. Also, the reuse of the adsorbent was investigated, and it was found that the adsorbent can be used for up to five cycles. Based on the results of interference studies, it was found that different ions do not have a significant effect on the removal of AO, MB, and Cd (II) in optimal conditions. The ZF-NPs was investigated successfully to remove AO, MB, and Cd (II) from environmental water samples. The results of this study showed that ZF-NPs can be used as a suitable adsorbent to remove AO, MB, and Cd (II) from aqueous solution.

Optimization of Cd (II) removal from aqueous solution by natural hydroxyapatite/bentonite composite using response surface methodology

“…The significance of each term in the quadratic model is determined by the model F and P- values 42 . In general, a higher F-value and lower P-value of a variable revealed the significance of the model terms 43 . According to the ANOVA results, the F-value for removing Cd(II) is 124.57 implies the model is statistically significant.…”

Effective removal of Pb(II) ions using piperazine-modified magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite; optimization by response surface methodology

“…The rate-determining step is assumed to be chemisorption in the pseudo-second-order model, including valence forces by exchanging or sharing adsorbate and adsorbent electrons. In addition, the adsorption capacity is proportional to the number of active sites involved on the adsorbent surface 8 , 63 . Therefore, it can be concluded that the adsorption of Pb 2+ ions on to Pip@MGO nanocomposite is mostly the chemical reactive adsorption.…”

Carica papaya Leaves Extract for Biosynthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Application

“…Concentration of the dye solution was determined using absorbance value of solution before and after contact with the adsorbent dose. The studies performed were of contact time, initial dye concentration, pH, temperature and adsorbent dose [14][15][16][17][18].…”