Experimental Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium and Solubility Study of an Acetic Acid–n-Propyl Alcohol–n-Propyl Acetate–Water System at 323.15 and 333.15 K

Abstract

Liquid−liquid equilibrium (LLE) and solubility for the quaternary acetic acid−n-propyl alcohol−n-propyl acetate−water were carried out at 323.15 and 333.15 K (atmospheric pressure). A brief review of literature data is provided. The compositions of LLE were determined by gas chromatography analysis. Solubility data and critical points were obtained by the "cloud-point" technique method. The obtained data gave an opportunity to present the disposition of the critical curve formed by critical points and binodal surface in a regular composition tetrahedron. A set of critical curves led to a critical polythermal surface in the 3D concentration space. A detailed graphical analysis of data comparison is presented for binary and ternary subsystems. LLE modeling using the NRTL model shows that calculated data are in good agreement with the experimental results.

Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium, Solubility, and Critical States in an Acetic Acid–n-Butyl Alcohol–n-Butyl Acetate–Water System at 328.15 K and 101.3 kPa: Topology of Phase Diagrams and NRTL Modeling

“…In contrast to the ″ordinary″ solubility, the compositions of the critical points were found by the specific luminescence of the solution in the critical region, namely, by blue opalescence. , Thus, the solution begins to opalesce during the titration, which means that the composition of the solution meets the critical one. We observed such an effect earlier, including for other systems of the acid–alcohol–ester–water type. ,,,, After fixing the critical composition, the results of the study were verified using the Coolledge method based on experimental LLE data. The average uncertainty of the cloud-point method was ± 0.005 mole fraction.…”

“…We observed such an effect earlier, including for other systems of the acid−alcohol−ester−water type. 6,15,16,19,20 After fixing the critical composition, the results of the study were verified using the Coolledge method 21 based on experimental LLE data. The average uncertainty of the cloud-point method was ± 0.005 mole fraction.…”

New Experimental Results and Comparative Analysis of the Efficiency of Separation of Propyl Propionate and Propyl Formate from Propanol Using Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Choline Chloride

“…One of the substances in the investigated systems is propanol. This alcohol can serve as an alternative to gasoline in internal combustion engines and can also be used as an additive to gasoline to improve its quality. , Furthermore, propanol can be utilized in the production of biodiesel. , There is a considerable amount of research in the literature devoted to phase equilibria in systems involving propanol. − Still, the number of studies focused on phase equilibria in systems involving both propanol and DESs is quite limited.…”