Experimental investigations of dipole–dipole interactions between a few Rydberg atoms

Browaeys, Antoine; Barredo, Daniel; Lahaye, Thierry

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/49/15/152001

Cited by 231 publications

(270 citation statements)

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“…However, achieving unit filling of the arrays is hampered by the stochastic nature of the loading and has remained so far elusive. Although proof-of-principle demonstrations of quantum gates [13] and quantum simulations [14] using this latter platform have been reported [15], this non-deterministic loading poses a serious limitation for applications where large-scale ordered arrays are required. To solve this problem, several approaches have been considered, exploiting the Rydberg blockade mechanism [16], or using tailored light-assisted collisions [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

An atom-by-atom assembler of defect-free arbitrary two-dimensional atomic arrays

Barredo

Léséleuc

Lienhard

et al. 2016

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Large arrays of individually controlled atoms trapped in optical tweezers are a very promising platform for quantum engineering applications. However, to date, only disordered arrays have been demonstrated, due to the non-deterministic loading of the traps. Here, we demonstrate the preparation of fully loaded, two-dimensional arrays of up to ∼ 50 microtraps each containing a single atom, and arranged in arbitrary geometries. Starting from initially larger, half-filled matrices of randomly loaded traps, we obtain user-defined target arrays at unit filling. This is achieved with a real-time control system and a moving optical tweezers that performs a sequence of rapid atom moves depending on the initial distribution of the atoms in the arrays. These results open exciting prospects for quantum engineering with neutral atoms in tunable geometries.The last decade has seen tremendous progress over the control of individual quantum objects [1, 2]. Many experimental platforms, from trapped ions [3] to superconducting qubits [4], are actively explored. The current challenge is now to extend these results towards large assemblies of such objects, while keeping the same degree of control, in view of applications in quantum information processing [5], quantum metrology [6], or quantum simulation [7]. Neutral atoms offer some advantages over other systems for these tasks. Besides being well isolated from the environment and having tunable interactions, systems of cold atoms hold the promise of being scalable to hundreds of individually controlled qubits. Control of the atomic positions at the single-particle level can been achieved with optical potentials. In a 'top-down' approach using optical lattices and quantum gas microscopes, hundreds of traps can now be created and addressed individually [8]. By making use of the superfluid to Mott-insulator transition, single atom filling fractions exceeding 90% are achieved [9], albeit at the expense of relatively long experimental duty cycles and constraints in the lattice geometries.Single atoms can also be trapped in 2d arrays of microscopic optical tweezers with single-site resolution using holographic methods [10][11][12]. This bottom-up approach offers faster preparation and a higher degree of tunability of the underlying geometry. However, achieving unit filling of the arrays is hampered by the stochastic nature of the loading and has remained so far elusive. Although proof-of-principle demonstrations of quantum gates [13] and quantum simulations [14] using this latter platform have been reported [15], this non-deterministic loading poses a serious limitation for applications where large-scale ordered arrays are required. To solve this problem, several approaches have been considered, exploiting the Rydberg blockade mechanism [16], or using tailored light-assisted collisions [17]. To date, despite those efforts, loading efficiencies of around 90% at best for a single atom in a single tweezers could be achieved [18,19], making the probabilities to fully load large arrays still...

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confidence: 99%

An atom-by-atom assembler of defect-free arbitrary two-dimensional atomic arrays

Barredo

Léséleuc

Lienhard

et al. 2016

Science

Self Cite

780

705

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“…Depending on the physical platform, different approaches are used to accomplish this, such as applying static electric fields for quantum dots [8], or magnetic fluxes for superconducting circuits [9]. In atomic systems, focusing an off-resonant laser beam on a single site can be used to apply an AC-Stark shift on ground-state levels [10][11][12][13].Another promising approach for quantum information science and quantum simulation of spin Hamiltonians are atomic platforms based on Rydberg states [14,15], as they provide strong, tunable dipole-dipole interactions [16][17][18]. In addition, arrays of optical tweezers allow the efficient preparation of assemblies of up to 50 atoms, arranged in arbitrary geometries, as has been recently demonstrated [19,20].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Another promising approach for quantum information science and quantum simulation of spin Hamiltonians are atomic platforms based on Rydberg states [14,15], as they provide strong, tunable dipole-dipole interactions [16][17][18]. In addition, arrays of optical tweezers allow the efficient preparation of assemblies of up to 50 atoms, arranged in arbitrary geometries, as has been recently demonstrated [19,20].…”

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Optical Control of the Resonant Dipole-Dipole Interaction between Rydberg Atoms

et al. 2017

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We report on the local control of the transition frequency of a spin-1/2 encoded in two Rydberg levels of an individual atom by applying a state-selective light shift using an addressing beam. With this tool, we first study the spectrum of an elementary system of two spins, tuning it from a non-resonant to a resonant regime, where "bright" (superradiant) and "dark" (subradiant) states emerge. We observe the collective enhancement of the microwave coupling to the bright state. We then show that after preparing an initial single spin excitation and letting it hop due to the spin-exchange interaction, we can freeze the dynamics at will with the addressing laser, while preserving the coherence of the system. In the context of quantum simulation, this scheme opens exciting prospects for engineering inhomogeneous XY spin Hamiltonians or preparing spin-imbalanced initial states.Real-world magnetic materials are often modeled with simple spin Hamiltonians exhibiting the key properties under study. Despite their simplified character, these models remain challenging to solve, and an actively explored approach is to implement them in pristine experimental platforms [1]. Such quantum simulators usually require an ordered assembly of interacting spins, also called qubits in the case of spin-1/2, manipulated by global and local coherent operations. Local operations are a crucial element of a quantum simulator and they have been used, for example, to perform one-qubit rotations for quantum state tomography [2], to engineer two-qubit quantum gates (see e.g. [3,4]), or to prepare peculiar initial states [5,6] and apply local noise [7] for studies of many-body localization. To achieve a local operation, one usually shifts the frequency of one targeted qubit in the system. Depending on the physical platform, different approaches are used to accomplish this, such as applying static electric fields for quantum dots [8], or magnetic fluxes for superconducting circuits [9]. In atomic systems, focusing an off-resonant laser beam on a single site can be used to apply an AC-Stark shift on ground-state levels [10][11][12][13].Another promising approach for quantum information science and quantum simulation of spin Hamiltonians are atomic platforms based on Rydberg states [14,15], as they provide strong, tunable dipole-dipole interactions [16][17][18]. In addition, arrays of optical tweezers allow the efficient preparation of assemblies of up to 50 atoms, arranged in arbitrary geometries, as has been recently demonstrated [19,20]. One can encode a spin-1/2 between the ground-state and a Rydberg level, use the van der Waals interactions between two identical Rydberg states and map the system onto an Ising-like Hamiltonian [21]. In this case, the spins can be manipulated globally by a resonant laser field and local addressing has been demonstrated using a far red-detuned focused laser beam shifting the ground-state energy of a particular atom in the ensemble [11].In addition to Ising Hamiltonian, the long-range XY Hamiltonian [22][23][24][25...

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“…It helps us to understand long-range interactions [2,3], atomic collisions [2,4,5], molecular formation [6] and also macroscopic manifestation of atomic phenomena like van der Waals and dipole-dipole interactions [7,8]. Besides, they are essential for the development of quantum computation [9] and the study of coherent systems [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Control of Rydberg-atom blockade by dc electric-field orientation in a quasi-one-dimensional sample

Gonçalves

Marcassa

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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Experimental investigations of dipole–dipole interactions between a few Rydberg atoms

Cited by 231 publications

References 107 publications

An atom-by-atom assembler of defect-free arbitrary two-dimensional atomic arrays

An atom-by-atom assembler of defect-free arbitrary two-dimensional atomic arrays

Optical Control of the Resonant Dipole-Dipole Interaction between Rydberg Atoms

Control of Rydberg-atom blockade by dc electric-field orientation in a quasi-one-dimensional sample

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