Experimental investigation on water adsorption and desorption isotherms of the Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin, China

Abstract

the understanding of water adsorption and desorption behavior in the shale rocks is of great significance in the reserve estimation, wellbore stability and hydrocarbon extraction in the shale gas reservoirs. However, the water sorption behavior in the shales remains unclear. In this study, water vapor adsorption/desorption isotherms of the Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin, china were conducted at various temperatures (30 °C, 60 °C) and a relative pressure up to 0.97 to understand the water sorption behavior. Then the effects of temperature and shale properties were analyzed, and the water adsorption, hysteresis, saturation and capillary pressure were discussed. The results indicate that water adsorption isotherms of the Longmaxi shale exhibit the type II characteristics. The water molecules initially adsorb on the shale particle/pore surfaces at low relative pressure while the capillary condensation dominates at high relative pressure. Temperature favors the water sorption in the shales at high relative pressure, and the GAB isotherm model is found to be suitable for describe the water adsorption/desorption behavior. The high organic carbon and full bedding are beneficial to water adsorption in the shales while the calcite inhibits the behavior. There exists the hysteresis between water adsorption and desorption at the whole relative pressure, which suggests that the depletion of condensed water from smaller capillary pores is more difficult than that from larger pores, and the chemical interaction contributes to the hysteresis loop for water sorption. The capillary pressure in the shales can be up to the order of several hundreds of Mpa, and thus the desorption of water from the shales may not be as easy as the water adsorption due to the high capillary pressure, which results in water retention behavior in the shale gas reservoirs. these results can provide insights into a better understanding of water sorption behavior in the shale so as to optimize extraction conditions and predict gas productivity in the shale gas reservoirs.

Study on the Spontaneous Imbibition Characteristics of the Deep Longmaxi Formation Shales of the Southern Sichuan Basin, China

“…Pore connectivity is determined by the pore structure characteristics of shale reservoirs and affects fluid migration in shale gas reservoirs. The pore size distribution and specific surface area of shale can be obtained by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption data, DFT models, and BET models [24][25][26][27].…”

Water Vapor Adsorption by Porous Materials: From Chemistry to Practical Applications

“…The traditional static method, the saturated salt slurry (SSS) method, has been a standard gravimetric technique for measuring equilibrium water sorption isotherms for many years . To obtain isotherms, the technique entails using different saturated salt solutions of known relative humidity to acquire specific relative humidity values in confined chambers or desiccators. − Because a specified saturated salt slurry gives only one relative humidity value at any given temperature, different relative humidity values must be obtained by combining a number of suitable salts. This technique allows for the simultaneous measurement of a large number of samples.…”

DLVO-Based Analyses of the Water Vapor Adsorption and Condensation in Hydrophilic Nanopores of Low-Rank Coal

“…While compared with the hydrophilic surface, the adsorption of water molecules on the hydrophobic surface is negligible . Recently, researchers have shown an increased interest in dynamic WVA experiments of shale and coal, and the Guggenheim–Anderson–Boer model, modified Brunauer–Emmett–Teller model (Dent model), and Frenkel–Halsey–Hill model were mostly used to fit the WVA experimental data. − Based on these models, three steps of WVA have been divided: monolayer adsorption (low RH), multilayer adsorption (medium RH), and capillary condensation (high RH), but these models ignore the difference of adsorption processes in pores of different sizes. These models are often used but the mentioned mechanisms are typically associated with a specific partial pressure region and not the entire isotherm is explained using a single model.…”