Experimental investigation on failure behaviors and mechanism of an anisotropic shale in direct tension

Li, Cunbao; Zou, Bingbing; Zhou, Hongwei; Wang, Jun

doi:10.1007/s40948-021-00294-x

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Compared to traditional reservoir rocks such as the sandstone and the carbonate, the shale is composed of multiple mineral components and it has more complex microscopic structural characteristics, which result in strong heterogeneity, increasing the difficulty of predicting the overall mechanical properties of the reservoir shale (Shapiro and Kaselow 2005;Wang et al 2021). Experiments show that the proportion of minerals in shales can significantly affect the macroscopic mechanical parameters, such as the stiffness and strength of shale (Yao et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results indicate that the stiffness of shales with different mineral compositions are significantly different, and the anisotropy of stiffness is also affected by the distribution of layered structures. For the strength of shale, there have been numerous studies on triaxial compression experiments (Cho et al 2012;Sone and Zoback 2013a;Cheng et al 2015;Bonnelye et al 2017), Brazilian splitting tests (Sone and Zoback 2013b;Yang et al 2020;Wang et al 2020) and direct shear tests (Li et al 2020;Li et al 2021;Liu et al 2022) on shales. From these experimental results, it can be summarized that the strength of the sample is significantly influenced by the layered angle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical simulations on compression behaviors of the laminated shale based on the digital image technology and the discrete element method

Wang,

Ding,

Liu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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As an unconventional reservoir sedimentary rock, the shale contains a series of layers and various microstructures that may lead to complex mechanical properties, such as the anisotropy of stiffness and strength. The present study is directed towards the anisotropy caused by the microstructures of the shale, where the 2D particle flow code (PFC2D) is adopted to explore the stiffness, strength, failure mode, and micro-crack evolution. More realistic microstructures and the calibration of microscopic parameters of the shale are reasonably considered through the computed tomography (CT) images and mineral analysis. The corresponding numerical simulation results are fully compared with the experimental results. In what follows, the sensitivity analysis is conducted on the key microscopic parameters and microstructure characteristics in numerical samples with laminated characteristics. The results show that the influence of microscopic parameters of the parallel bonding model on macroscopic parameters is related to the layering angle and the face type, and the microstructures and initial cracks of numerical samples can considerably affect the macroscopic mechanical behaviors of the laminated samples. Next, the effect of confining pressure on the mechanical properties of layered shale is discussed based on the numerical results. These findings highlight the potential of this approach for applications in micro-scaled models and calibration of microscopic parameters to probe mechanical behaviors of the laminated rock.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%