The phenomena that biological functions originate from biological coupling are the important biological foundation of multiple bionics and the significant discoveries in the bionic fields. In this paper, the basic concepts related to biological coupling are introduced from the bionic viewpoint. Constitution, classification and characteristic rules of biological coupling are illuminated, the general modes of biological coupling studies are analyzed, and the prospects of multi-coupling bionics are predicted.organism, biological function, biological coupling, characteristic rule, coupling bionicsIn order to adapt to natural environment and meet the survival needs, the organisms have been optimized with various morphologies, configurations and complicated structures under the law of natural selection for millions of years of evolution, and gradually become a system that has optimal adaptability to the living environment [1][2][3] . With the further development of bionic study, researchers found that various functions of the organism are not simply results of a single factor or simple superposition of multiple factors, but results of interaction among various factors by certain coupling mechanisms [3][4][5][6][7] . For example, the biological functions like anti-resistance, anti-wear and self-cleaning are achieved by the mutual couplings of multiple factors in the organism. These factors involve different morphologies, structures, materials and constitution of the organism and coupled with each other to optimize the biological functions and the environmental adaptability to minimize the energy consumption [3,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . Therefore, compared to the traditional simple bionics, multi-coupling bionics based on biological coupling mechanism is much closer to the function theory of biological prototypes, which will provide a better bionic effect and accelerate the development of bionics. Evidently, a comprehensive analysis of the factors which may influence the biological function, a thorough exploration of intrinsic relation between biological function and factors as well as the coupling and synergic actions among these factors under specific conditions, and the revelation of biological coupling mechanisms and the characteristic rules are important biology bases for multi-coupling function bionics.