Experimental investigation of tread wear and particle emission from tyres with different treadwear marking

Grigoratos, Theodorοs; Gustafsson, Mats; Eriksson, Olle; Martini, Giorgio

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.03.049

Cited by 63 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…8) indicated that the PM10 concentration of TRWP was only in the PM2.5 size fraction during the sampling event. Recently, Grigoratos et al [48] reported that in a road simulator laboratory where the size distributions of PM emitted during the rolling of tires on pavement were measured in real time using Dust Traks and Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS), the PM2.5/PM10 ratios were approximately 0.5. However, these measurements represent all PM in the laboratory air including indoor laboratory air dust, TRWP and pavement particulate.…”

Section: Pm25/pm10 Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Tire Wear Contribution to PM2.5 in Urban Environments

Hitchcock²,

et al. 2019

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Vehicle-related particulate matter (PM) emissions may arise from both exhaust and non-exhaust mechanisms, such as brake wear, tire wear, and road pavement abrasion, each of which may be emitted directly and indirectly through resuspension of settled road dust. Several researchers have indicated that the proportion of PM2.5 attributable to vehicle traffic will increasingly come from non-exhaust sources. Currently, very little empirical data is available to characterize tire and road wear particles (TRWP) in the PM2.5 fraction. As such, this study was undertaken to quantify TRWP in PM2.5 at roadside locations in urban centers including London, Tokyo and Los Angeles, where vehicle traffic is an important contributor to ambient air PM. The samples were analyzed using validated chemical markers for tire tread polymer based on a pyrolysis technique. Results indicated that TRWP concentrations in the PM2.5 fraction were low, with averages ranging from < 0.004 to 0.10 µg/m3, representing an average contribution to total PM2.5 of 0.27%. The TRWP levels in PM2.5 were significantly different between the three cities, with significant differences between London and Los Angeles and Tokyo and Los Angeles. There was no significant correlation between TRWP in PM2.5 and traffic count. This study provides an initial dataset to understand potential human exposure to airborne TRWP and the potential contribution of this non-exhaust emission source to total PM2.5.

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Section: Pm25/pm10 Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Tire Wear Contribution to PM2.5 in Urban Environments

Hitchcock²,

et al. 2019

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“…Often times, the tire load and torque as well as the steering angle can be controlled. See [27,28] for examples of such tests. The advantage of such tests is that very specific situations of tire loading can be investigated.…”

Section: Wear Rates Of Automotive Tiresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tire Wear Particle Hot Spots – Review of Influencing Factors

Pohrt¹

2019

FU Mech Eng

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Automotive tires have played an important role in land-based transportation and will probably continue to do so for many years to come. During their service lifetime, parts of the outer protector layer are worn off and discarded into the environment. A typical passenger car emits about 120 micrograms of rubber per meter but the exact current value depends on a multitude of influencing factors and varies greatly. We review available data on the wear rate (or inverse expected lifetime) of automotive rubber tires and extract qualitative estimations on how the most important parameters alter the deposition rate on a given road section. Local hot spots of increased tire wear particle occurrence can be identified from these parameters. It is concluded that generally subjecting tires to milder usage conditions can reduce tire wear by substantial amounts. Reducing vehicle speeds is identified as the most effective general measure.

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“…The time constants of the transients can be determined using (10) or (20) and then the particle deposition velocities are obtained from (12) or (22).…”

Section: General Solution For Particle Concentration Dynamics In An Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This problem was addressed by various groups and it was partly solved when a tight (or nearly tight) aerosol chamber [15][16][17] was set to isolate the local environment around the tribological contact from the undesired particle dispersion in the ambient air and the influence of motors and drives on particle generation/deposition [18]. A similar configuration, but on a significantly larger scale, was applied for measuring aerosols generated at simulated tire-road contacts [19,20]. Measurement accuracy is of high importance since the data are used to assess particle exposure scenarios and the health impacts through appropriate models of particle dynamics based on the analysis of the relevant processes such as particle exchange with the environment, coagulation, deposition through Brownian and turbulent diffusion, gravitation settling and turbophoresis [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboemission of FINE and Ultrafine Aerosol Particles: A New Approach for Measurement and Accurate Quantification

et al. 2020

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A dynamic model based on mass balance of fine aerosol particles was developed in order to tackle the problem of accurate quantification of mechanically stimulated particle emission (MSPE) from nanofunctionalized and solid lubricating materials. In contrast to the conventional approach, the model accounts for the effect of air turbulization caused by moving parts of the experimental tribological setup on the enhancement of particle deposition velocity. The increase of the velocity of the moving parts results in an increase of the deposition velocity that leads to a significant underestimation of experimentally measured particle emission rates. The developed model was experimentally verified using natural and artificial nanoparticle aerosols. Finally, the new methodology of particle emission rate quantification was employed for the analysis of fine particle emission produced when the solid lubricating materials were tested against a sliding steel surface. The developed method paves the way for defining a standard method of experimental assessment of nanoparticle triboemission enabling the experimental results obtained in various laboratories to be compared. It also bridges the gap between the phenomenological models and experimental measurements.

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Experimental investigation of tread wear and particle emission from tyres with different treadwear marking

Cited by 63 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of Tire Wear Contribution to PM2.5 in Urban Environments

Evaluation of Tire Wear Contribution to PM2.5 in Urban Environments

Tire Wear Particle Hot Spots – Review of Influencing Factors

Triboemission of FINE and Ultrafine Aerosol Particles: A New Approach for Measurement and Accurate Quantification

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