Experimental investigation of the performance of a counter-flow, packed-bed mechanical cooling tower

Bedekar, Sanjeev; Nithiarasu, Perumal; Seetharamu, K. N.

doi:10.1016/s0360-5442(98)00044-9

Cited by 62 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In other words, the cooling tower removes more heat from the water. This results from the cooling mechanisms of cooling towers [11]. In such conditions the driving force is high [12].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debottlenecking procedure of effluent thermal treatment system

Panjeshahi¹,

Gharaie²,

Ataei³

2010

Energy

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“…In other words, the cooling tower removes more heat from the water. This results from the cooling mechanisms of cooling towers [11]. In such conditions the driving force is high [12].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debottlenecking procedure of effluent thermal treatment system

Panjeshahi¹,

Gharaie²,

Ataei³

2010

Energy

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“…Many researchers have focused on the thermal performance of fillings for wet cooling towers, and early research traces back to the 1940s [9][10][11]. Briefly, the research regarding fillings can be divided into three aspects, which are theoretical mathematical model research [12][13][14][15], lab-based model experiments [16][17][18][19], and numerical computation [20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Performance for Wet Cooling Tower with Different Layout Patterns of Fillings under Typical Crosswind Conditions

Gao

Guo

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:A thermal-state model experimental study was performed in lab to investigate the thermal performance of a wet cooling tower with different kinds of filling layout patterns under windless and 0.4 m/s crosswind conditions. In this paper, the contrast analysis was focused on comparing a uniform layout pattern and one kind of optimal non-uniform layout pattern when the environmental crosswind speed is 0 m/s and 0.4 m/s. The experimental results proved that under windless conditions, the heat transfer coefficient and total heat rejection of circulating water for the optimal non-uniform layout pattern can enhance by approximately 40% and 28%, respectively, compared with the uniform layout pattern. It was also discovered that the optimal non-uniform pattern can dramatically relieve the influence of crosswind on the thermal performance of the tower when the crosswind speed is equal to 0.4 m/s. For the uniform layout pattern, the heat transfer coefficient under 0.4 m/s crosswind conditions decreased by 9.5% compared with the windless conditions, while that value lowered only by 2.0% for the optimal non-uniform layout pattern. It has been demonstrated that the optimal non-uniform layout pattern has the better thermal performance under 0.4 m/s crosswind condition.

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“…Several authors developed heat and mass transfer correlations in terms of the water-to-air mass flow ratio, like Bedekar et al [12] for a counter-flow packed bed mechanical cooling tower with a film type packing, Milosavljevic and Heikkila [13] for two pilot-scale cooling towers with seven types of counter-flow film type packings, Gharagheizi et al [14] for two film-type packings, and Lemouari et al [15] for a forced draft counter-flow wet cooling tower with a vertical grid-type packing. Elsarrag [16] developed an experimental study to evaluate the heat and mass transfer coefficients of an induced draft ceramic tile packing cooling tower.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the performance of a mechanical cooling tower fitted with different types of water distribution systems and drift eliminators

Lucas

Ramírez

Martínez

et al. 2013

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Nomenclature AbstractCooling towers are evaporative heat transfer devices in which atmospheric air cools warm water, with direct contact between the water and the air by evaporating part of the water. The principle of operation of cooling towers requires spraying or distributing water over a heat transfer surface (packing) across or through which a stream of air is passing. As a result, water droplets are incorporated in the air stream and, depending on the velocity of the air, will be taken away from the unit. This is known as drift. Although cooling tower drift is objectionable for several reasons, the most hazardous problem concerning human health is the emission of chemicals or microorganisms into the atmosphere. Undoubtedly, regarding microorganisms, the most well-known pathogens are the multiple species of bacteria collectively known as legionella.The binomial water distribution system-drift eliminator is identified to be that mainly responsible for cooling tower drift. While water distribution systems affect the mechanics of setting up the drops, drift eliminators work by changing the direction of the airflow and separating droplets from the airstream through inertial impact.The drift eliminator's performance can be quantified mainly by two factors: droplet collection efficiency and the pressure drop across the eliminator. In contrast, water distribution systems are characterized by the pressure drop across itself and the achieved size of the particle spread. Alongside drift, the binomial water distribution system-drift eliminator affects the cooling tower performance.From the reviewed bibliography, some studies assessing the effect of the drift eliminator on cooling tower performance have been found. Nevertheless, no studies regarding the influence of the water distribution system on the cooling tower's performance have been detected. In this sense, this paper studies the thermal performance of a forced draft counter-flow wet cooling tower fitted with two water distribution systems (the pressure water distribution system (PWDS) and gravity water distribution system (GWDS)) for six drift eliminators for a wide range of air and water mass flow rates. The data registered in the experimental set-up were employed to obtain correlations of the tower characteristic, which defines the cooling tower's thermal performance. The outlet water temperature predicted by these correlations was compared with the experimentally registered values, obtaining a maximum averaged difference of ±0.95%.

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Experimental investigation of the performance of a counter-flow, packed-bed mechanical cooling tower

Cited by 62 publications

References 10 publications

Debottlenecking procedure of effluent thermal treatment system

Debottlenecking procedure of effluent thermal treatment system

Thermal Performance for Wet Cooling Tower with Different Layout Patterns of Fillings under Typical Crosswind Conditions

Experimental study on the performance of a mechanical cooling tower fitted with different types of water distribution systems and drift eliminators

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