Experimental Investigation of the Accuracy of an Ultrawideband Time-Domain Microwave-Tomographic System

Zeng, Xuezhi; Fhager, Andreas; Linnér, Peter; Persson, Mikael; Zirath, Herbert

doi:10.1109/tim.2011.2141250

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As in [9,12], the contribution of horizontal and vertical uncertainties to the measured received signals is described by the following equation:…”

Section: Sources Of Measurement Uncertainty and Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our system is the first microwave-radar time-domain system to reach the clinical trial stage. Time-domain measurements offer possible advantages over frequency-domain measurements, including the potential for faster scan times [9] and more cost-effective equipment solutions. The goal of our system is long-term frequent patient monitoring, allowing for timely observation of early-stage abnormality development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For microwave breast cancer detection systems in general, several investigations dealing with measurement uncertainty, noise and general issues have been conducted: numerical studies that examined robustness of imaging algorithms to noise [10,11], measurements and analysis of measurement uncertainty with a tomographic system [9], and a study of error due to sensor and cable movement [6]. Related to our system, in [12], we performed a study on homogeneous breast phantoms in which we identified sources of horizontal and vertical uncertainty, and saw how these uncertainties affected reconstructed breast images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Time-Domain Microwave Radar Applied to Breast Imaging: Measurement Reliability in a Clinical Setting

Porter¹,

Santorelli²,

Popović³

2014

PIER

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Abstract-This work presents an evaluation of the measurement challenges in clinical testing of our microwave breast cancer screening system. The time-domain radar system contains a multistatic 16-antenna hemi-spherical array operating in the 2-4 GHz frequency range. We investigate, for the first time with such a system in clinical trials, the repeatability of measurements and its effect on image reconstruction. We record vertical and horizontal measurement uncertainties under different scenarios and verify using previously introduced compensation methods that they can be successfully reduced to an acceptable level from the standpoint of image reconstruction. We also examine how placement of an immersion medium can affect collected breast scan data. Finally, we probe the repeatability and consistency of measurements with patients. With the goal of confirming the feasibility of frequent breast health monitoring, with our system, we obtain a total of 342 breast scans collected over 57 patient visits to determine how much scan data varies when there are no changes in between scans, and how much it varies when the patient is repositioned in the system. We confirm that, by taking care in patient positioning in the system and with respect to the immersion medium, the measurement repeatability is high.

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“…As in [9,12], the contribution of horizontal and vertical uncertainties to the measured received signals is described by the following equation:…”

Section: Sources Of Measurement Uncertainty and Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Time-Domain Microwave Radar Applied to Breast Imaging: Measurement Reliability in a Clinical Setting

Porter¹,

Santorelli²,

Popović³

2014

PIER

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show abstract

“…Tomography aims to reproduce a full map of the dielectric properties of tissues inside the breast (for example, in [2][3][4]), whereas radar systems look to plot only regions of high dielectric scatters (e.g., the interface between healthy and malignant tissues) [5][6][7]. Further, each type of system can record measurements either in the frequency-domain (typically using a vector network analyzer (VNA)) [5,8], or in the time-domain (using a pulse generator and an oscilloscope) [7,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This likelihood can, if desired, then be converted into a binary determination, i.e., "healthy" or "not-healthy". We use time-domain measurements over frequency-domain measurements because they offer the potential for faster scan times and improved cost-effectiveness [9]. This allows for improved accessibility for the general population, an important aspect for screening applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Classifiers for Tumor Detection With an Experimental Time-Domain Breast Screening System

Santorelli¹,

Porter²,

Kirshin³

et al. 2014

PIER

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Abstract-In this work we examine, for the first time, the use of classification algorithms for earlystage tumor detection with an experimental time-domain microwave breast screening system. The experimental system contains a 16-element antenna array, and testing is done on breast phantoms that mimic breast tissue dielectric properties. We obtain experimental data from multiple breast phantoms with two possible tumor locations. In this work, we investigate a method for detecting the tumors within the breast but without the usual complexity inherent to image-generation methods, and confirm its feasibility on experimental data. The proposed method uses machine learning techniques, namely Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), to determine whether the current breast being scanned is tumor-free. Our results show that both SVM and LDA methods have promise as algorithms supporting early breast cancer microwave screening.

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Directional and isolated UWB‐MIMO antenna‐based uniplanar UWB‐FSS array and T‐strip for bi‐static microwave imaging: Baggage‐scanner

Abdulhasan

Alias

Ramli

et al. 2021

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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This article presented a novel compact multi‐input‐multi‐output (MIMO) hexagonal monopole antenna with a uniplanar compact frequency‐selective‐surface (FSS) array for microwave imaging (MWI). The ultra‐wideband (UWB) dual‐element linear MIMO antenna was designed on the FR4 substrate with 50 Ω coplanar waveguide feed, T‐strip isolation, novel numerical calculation and equivalent circuit analyses. The main issues of realising high‐resolution images based on planer UWB antenna for MWI are the low gain, omnidirectional pattern, design size and mutual coupling of MIMO design. A novel technique was proposed to solve a hybrid issue (mutual coupling) of the MIMO reflected‐waves from the FSS array and direct‐wave. The uniplanar UWB‐FSS unit cell was compacted by combining a square‐loop and cross‐dipole with a size of 0.095λ × 0.095λ. The novel‐isolated UWB‐MIMO antenna and UWB‐FSS array (IMAF) were integrated, after investigating the distance between the antenna and FSS. The fabricated IMAF with a stable gain improvement of 4.5 dBi higher than the antenna without FSS, directional radiation pattern, size of 30 × 73.8 × 21.6 mm3 observed that a low mutual coupling of −27 dB, and operation bandwidth of 3.0–11.7 GHz. Moreover, a handbag was scanned experimentally via the bi‐static approach to detect a small concealed object. The MWI system based on the MIMO antenna with FSS was displayed image resolution of 55% higher than that of MIMO antenna without FSS. The new baggage‐scanner approach confirmed that the proposed MIMO antenna with FSS array can lead the humanity for healthy MWI applications.

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Experimental Investigation of the Accuracy of an Ultrawideband Time-Domain Microwave-Tomographic System

Cited by 41 publications

References 31 publications

Time-Domain Microwave Radar Applied to Breast Imaging: Measurement Reliability in a Clinical Setting

Time-Domain Microwave Radar Applied to Breast Imaging: Measurement Reliability in a Clinical Setting

Investigation of Classifiers for Tumor Detection With an Experimental Time-Domain Breast Screening System

Directional and isolated UWB‐MIMO antenna‐based uniplanar UWB‐FSS array and T‐strip for bi‐static microwave imaging: Baggage‐scanner

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