Experimental investigation of R600a as a low GWP substitute to R134a in the closed-loop two-phase thermosyphon of the mini thermoelectric refrigerator

Başaran, Anıl

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118501

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…After 2022, the EU F-Gas Regulation 517/2014 mandates that new commercial refrigerators and freezer products should not employ refrigerants with a GWP exceeding 150 [19]. This directive has prompted many manufacturers in the sector to develop more efficient systems capable of handling reduced refrigerant volumes and explore alternative low-GWP refrigerants such as hydrocarbons (HCs) [20].…”

Section: Environmental Impacts Of Refrigerantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensation Flow of Refrigerants Inside Mini and Microchannels: A Review

Başaran,

Benim

2024

Applied Sciences

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Nowadays, the demand for obtaining high heat flux values in small volumes has increased with the development of technology. Condensing flow inside mini- and microchannels has been becoming a promising solution for refrigeration, HVAC, air-conditioning, heat pumps, heat pipes, and electronic cooling applications. In these applications, employing mini/microchannels in the condenser design results in the working fluid, generally refrigerant, undergoing a phase change inside the mini/microchannels. On the other hand, the reduction in the hydraulic diameter during condensation gives rise to different flow regimes and heat transfer mechanisms in the mini- and microchannels compared to the conventional channels. Therefore, the understanding of fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics during condensation of refrigerant inside mini- and microchannels has been gaining importance in terms of condenser design. This study presents a state-of-the-art review of condensation studies on refrigerants inside mini- and microchannels. The review includes experimental studies as well as correlation models, which are developed to predict condensation heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop. The refrigerant type, thermodynamical performance, and compatibility, as well as the environmental effects of refrigerant, play a decisive role in the design of refrigeration systems. Therefore, the environmental impacts of refrigerants and current regulations against them are also discussed in the present review.

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Section: Environmental Impacts Of Refrigerantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensation Flow of Refrigerants Inside Mini and Microchannels: A Review

Başaran,

Benim

2024

Applied Sciences

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“…Gas-liquid two-phase flows, characterized by the simultaneous transport of gas and liquid phases within various flow components, represent a fundamental yet challenging phenomenon critical to a wide range of industrial applications. These applications span a broad spectrum, including nuclear reactors [1,2], oil and gas pipelines [3][4][5], bio/chemical processes [6,7], and thermal management systems [8]. A comprehensive understanding and characterization of two-phase flow phenomena is necessary due to the critical role that the dynamic interaction between gas and liquid phases within flow components plays in determining system behavior, performance, and safety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air–Water Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Analysis in Complex U-Bend Systems through Numerical Modeling

Kükrer,

Eskin

2024

Computation

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This study aims to provide insights into the intricate interactions between gas and liquid phases within flow components, which are pivotal in various industrial sectors such as nuclear reactors, oil and gas pipelines, and thermal management systems. Employing the Eulerian–Eulerian approach, our computational model incorporates interphase relations, including drag and non-drag forces, to analyze phase distribution and velocities within a complex U-bend system. Comprising two horizontal-to-vertical bends and one vertical 180-degree elbow, the U-bend system’s behavior concerning bend geometry and airflow rates is scrutinized, highlighting their significant impact on multiphase flow dynamics. The study not only presents a detailed exposition of the numerical modeling techniques tailored for this complex geometry but also discusses the results obtained. Detailed analyses of local void fraction and phase velocities for each phase are provided. Furthermore, experimental validation enhances the reliability of our computational findings, with close agreement observed between computational and experimental results. Overall, the study underscores the efficacy of the Eulerian approach with interphase relations in capturing the complex behavior of the multiphase flow in U-bend systems, offering valuable insights for hydraulic system design and optimization in industrial applications.

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“…This regulation compelled numerous manufacturers in the sector to develop more efficient systems, capable of handling reduced refrigerant volumes and utilizing alternative low-GWP refrigerants, such as hydrocarbons (HCs). Hydrocarbon (HCs) refrigerants, such as refrigerants R600a (isobutane) and R290 (propane), are environmentally friendly compounds that present a viable option to replace refrigerants with potential environmental hazards [4][5][6]. Specifically, R600a (isobutane) and R290 (propane) refrigerants stand out as favorable substitutes, owing to their notable Energies 2024, 17, 1531 2 of 21 advantages, such as zero ozone depletion potential, minimal contribution to GWP, minimal toxicity, and low costs [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrocarbon (HCs) refrigerants, such as refrigerants R600a (isobutane) and R290 (propane), are environmentally friendly compounds that present a viable option to replace refrigerants with potential environmental hazards [4][5][6]. Specifically, R600a (isobutane) and R290 (propane) refrigerants stand out as favorable substitutes, owing to their notable Energies 2024, 17, 1531 2 of 21 advantages, such as zero ozone depletion potential, minimal contribution to GWP, minimal toxicity, and low costs [5,6]. Moreover, refrigerants R290 and R600a align with the requirements of the EU F-gas regulations, further enhancing their appeal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Correlations Based on CFD Study for Microchannel Condensation Flow of Environmentally Friendly Hydrocarbon Refrigerants

Başaran,

Benim

2024

Energies

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A CFD simulation of the condensation flow of R600a and R290 within microchannels was conducted to explore the effect of mass flux, hydraulic diameter, and vapour quality on heat transfer rate and pressure drop. Data obtained from CFD simulations were used to develop new heat transfer and pressure drop correlations for the condensation flows of R600a and R290, which are climate-friendly refrigerants. Steady-state numerical simulations of condensation flow of refrigerants were carried out inside a single circular microchannel with diameters varying between 0.2 and 0.6 mm. The volume of fluid approach was used in the proposed model, calculating the interface phase change using the Lee model. The CFD simulation model was validated via a comparison of the simulation results with the experimental data available in the literature. It is found that the newly developed Nu number correlation shows a deviation, with an Ave-MAE of 11.16%, compared to those obtained by CFD simulation. Similarly, the deviation between friction factors obtained by the newly proposed correlation and those obtained by CFD simulation is 20.81% Ave-MAE. Widely recognized correlations that are applicable to the condensation of refrigerants within small-scale channels were also evaluated by comparing newly developed correlations. It is concluded that the newly proposed correlation has a higher accuracy in predicting the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. This situation can contribute to the creation of a sustainable system via the use of microchannels and climate-friendly refrigerants, like R600a and R290.

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Experimental investigation of R600a as a low GWP substitute to R134a in the closed-loop two-phase thermosyphon of the mini thermoelectric refrigerator

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Condensation Flow of Refrigerants Inside Mini and Microchannels: A Review

Condensation Flow of Refrigerants Inside Mini and Microchannels: A Review

Air–Water Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Analysis in Complex U-Bend Systems through Numerical Modeling

Development of Correlations Based on CFD Study for Microchannel Condensation Flow of Environmentally Friendly Hydrocarbon Refrigerants

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