Experimental investigation of laminar convective heat transfer and pressure drop of water-based Al2O3 nanofluids in fully developed flow regime

Heyhat, Mohammad Mahdi; Kowsary, Farshad; Rashidi, Alimorad; Momenpour, M. H.; Amrollahi, Azadeh

doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2012.08.009

Cited by 183 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It was further reported that at volume fraction of less than 4% investigated, the Al2O3-PG nanofluid behaviour was Newtonian and viscosity increased with an increase in volume fraction. Some of the most recent works also corroborate this finding [21,194,195], except for a more recent experimental work by Suganthi et al…”

Section: Experimental Set-upssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…The higher the thermal conductivity, the more heat the fluid can remove from thermal systems. On the other hand, viscosity is mostly important in systems that require flow because flow properties such as the Reynolds number, heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop are very much dependent on the viscosity [21]. Therefore, if the viscosity is very high, there will be a penalty on the pumping power requirement to achieve the system's target.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Viscosity of Nanofluids: A Review of the Theoretical, Empirical, and Numerical Models

Meyer

Adio

Sharifpur

et al. 2015

Heat Transfer Engineering

186

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The enhanced thermal characteristics of nanofluids have made it one of the fastest-growing research areas in the last decade. Numerous researches have shown the merits of nanofluids in heat transfer equipment. However, one of the problems is the increase in viscosity due to the suspension of nanoparticles. This viscosity increase is not desirable in the industry, especially when it involves flow, such as in heat exchanger or micro-channel applications INTRODUCTIONColloidal suspension dates back to Maxwell's study in 1873 [1]. Though the idea behind his study was vivid, the imposed problems were too enormous for profitable engineering solutions [2]. In 1995, Choi [3] came up with a pioneering idea based on Maxwell's study and suspended ultrafine particles (nanoparticles) in conventional heat transfer fluids. His invention has opened up a myriad of opportunities in research and development. Nanofluids descriptively are colloidal suspensions containing metallic (Ag, Au, Al, Cu, Ni, etc.), non-metallic (single-and multi-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT and MWCNT), Si, Graphene, etc.), metallic oxide (Al2O3, CuO, NiO2,TiO2, etc.) and oxides of non-metals (SiO2, SiC, MgO, CaCO3, etc.) nanoparticles suspended in conventional heat transfer fluids such as water, engine oil, ethylene glycol, transformer oil, gear oil or mixture of two or more heat transfer fluids [2,3]. When compared with previous microparticle suspensions in conventional heat transfer fluids, it is a special type of fluid with numerous applications potentials because of its enhanced thermal conductivity, stability and homogeneity [3,4]. Microscale particles in suspensions lead to abrasion, clogging of flow paths, pressure drop and high pumping power requirements, therefore, its sustainability was impossible. Besides, nanofluids can reduce the pumping power in engineering equipment significantly and do not pose the problem of clogging and abrasion of equipment flow paths [5][6][7][8]. Therefore, the design and engineering of physical systems are now being tailored towards using nanofluid as working fluid.The impact of colloidal suspension cuts across the fields of science, biological science, medical, pharmaceutical and engineering. In the context of sustainable energy development and thermal management, nanofluids are becoming more and more significant as the need for efficient thermal management is of paramount importance. Moreover, the level of miniaturisation of devices today as technology advances is overwhelming. Devices such as microprocessors, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), microchannels and lab-on-chips come with high-density heat flux that needs quick heat removal for 3 efficient performance, stability and durability, which, from all indications, could be provided by nanofluids for now [9][10][11][12]. The following are also emerging areas of applications of nanoparticles and nanofluids: (i) they could be useful in medicine in the targeted treatment of malignant cells without damaging healthy tis...

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Section: Experimental Set-upssupporting

confidence: 67%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Viscosity of Nanofluids: A Review of the Theoretical, Empirical, and Numerical Models

Meyer

Adio

Sharifpur

et al. 2015

Heat Transfer Engineering

186

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“…Once again, the present simulations improve the previous ones of Akbari et al [19] pointing out the influence of the mesh grid. This improvement may be attributed to the increase of the thermal conductivity and some authors [11,12,40] proposed that it is also associated to the decrease of the thermal boundary layer thickness. …”

Section: Performances Of the Mixture Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many authors concentrated on measuring the thermophysical properties of various nanofluids showing that their properties depend on a large number of parameters such as the type of nanoparticle, their size, their mass or volume fraction, the type and the concentration of the surfactant, the pH of the mixture, the Brownian motion and the thickness of the interfacial nanolayer among other parameters (see in [6][7][8][9][10]). Others developed experimental set-ups to measure the convective heat transfer and temperature profiles in pipes [11,12], coaxial [13] or plate [14] heat exchangers among other geometries. Most authors focused on measuring global thermal quantities due to the difficulty to measure velocity and temperature profiles in such insulated systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Investigation on Laminar Forced Convection of Nanofluid Flows in a Uniformly Heated Pipe Using Direct Numerical Simulations

Sekrani

Poncet

2016

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:In the present paper, laminar forced convection nanofluid flows in a uniformly heated horizontal tube were revisited by direct numerical simulations. Single and two-phase models were employed with constant and temperature-dependent properties. Comparisons with experimental data showed that the mixture model performs better than the single-phase model in the all cases studied. Temperature-dependent fluid properties also resulted in a better prediction of the thermal field. Particular attention was paid to the grid arrangement. The two-phase model was used then confidently to investigate the influence of the nanoparticle size on the heat and fluid flow with a particular emphasis on the sedimentation process. Four nanoparticle diameters were considered: 10, 42, 100 and 200 nm for both copper-water and alumina/water nanofluids. For the largest diameter d np = 200 nm, the Cu nanoparticles were more sedimented by around 80%, while the Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles sedimented only by 2.5%. Besides, it was found that increasing the Reynolds number improved the heat transfer rate, while it decreased the friction factor allowing the nanoparticles to stay more dispersed in the base fluid. The effect of nanoparticle type on the heat transfer coefficient was also investigated for six different water-based nanofluids. Results showed that the Cu-water nanofluid achieved the highest heat transfer coefficient, followed by C, Al 2 O 3 , CuO, TiO 2 , and SiO 2 , respectively. All results were presented and discussed for four different values of the concentration in nanoparticles, namely ϕ = 0, 0.6%, 1% and 1.6%. Empirical correlations for the friction coefficient and the average Nusselt number were also provided summarizing all the presented results.

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“…Once again, the present simulations improve the previous ones of Akbari et al [19] pointing out the influence of the mesh grid. This improvement may be attributed to the increase of the thermal conductivity and some authors [11,12,39] proposed that it is also associated to the decrease of the thermal boundary layer thickness.…”

Section: Performances Of the Mixture Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Investigation on Laminar Forced Convection of Nanofluid Flows in a Uniformly Heated Pipe Using Direct Numerical Simulations

Sekrani

Poncet

2016

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In the present paper, laminar forced convection nanofluid flows in a uniformly heated horizontal tube were revisited by direct numerical simulations. Single and two-phase models were employed with constant and temperature-dependent properties. Comparisons with experimental data showed that the mixture model performs better than the single-phase model in the all cases studied. Temperature-dependent fluid properties also resulted in a better prediction of the thermal field. A particular attention was paid to the grid arrangement. The two-phase model was used then confidently to investigate the influence of the nanoparticle size on the heat and fluid flow with a particular emphasis on the sedimentation process. Four nanoparticle diameters were considered: 10, 42, 100 and 200 nm for both copper-water and alumina/water nanofluids. For the largest diameter d np = 200 nm, the Cu nanoparticles were more sedimented by around 80 %, while the Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles sedimented only by 2.5 %. Besides, it was found that increasing the Reynolds number improved the heat transfer rate, while it decreased the friction factor allowing the nanoparticles to stay more dispersed in the base fluid. The effect of nanoparticle type on the heat transfer coefficient was also investigated for six different water-based nanofluids. Results showed that the Cu-water nanofluid achieved the highest heat transfer coefficient, followed by C, Al 2 O 3 , CuO, TiO 2 , and SiO 2 , respectively. All results were presented and discussed for four different values of the concentration in nanoparticles, namely ϕ = 0, 0.6, 1 and 1.6%. Empirical correlations for the friction coefficient and the average Nusselt number were also provided summarizing all the presented results.

show abstract

Experimental investigation of laminar convective heat transfer and pressure drop of water-based Al2O3 nanofluids in fully developed flow regime

Cited by 183 publications

References 21 publications

The Viscosity of Nanofluids: A Review of the Theoretical, Empirical, and Numerical Models

The Viscosity of Nanofluids: A Review of the Theoretical, Empirical, and Numerical Models

Further Investigation on Laminar Forced Convection of Nanofluid Flows in a Uniformly Heated Pipe Using Direct Numerical Simulations

Further Investigation on Laminar Forced Convection of Nanofluid Flows in a Uniformly Heated Pipe Using Direct Numerical Simulations

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