Experimental investigation of effective parameters on geyser periodicity in a vertical heated system

Chen, Jinbo; Yang, S.L.; Liao, Shiliang; Cao, Xinde

doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.04.005

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The inset of Figure 6 shows that when T CSC is greater than T boil (black symbols), the time-period is less than 3 h and that the oscillations are roughly correlated with T CSC . This observation is consistent with the experimental results obtained by Chen et al (2015) (see their Fig. 17) who observed that the higher the heat flux supplied to a geysering system, the shorter its eruptive period.…”

Section: Periodicity In Csc Time Seriessupporting

confidence: 93%

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Systems Response to Rainfall Forcing: An Example From Temperature Time Series of Fumaroles at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe Volcano

d’Ars

Gibert

2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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Volcanoes with highly-developed and shallow hydrothermal systems may be subject to sudden increases of their surface steam emission at vents in response to either deep forcing (e.g. increase of heat flux coming from the magma chamber) or external forcing (e.g. sudden decrease of atmospheric pressure or variation of meteoric water input). Because the vent plumbing has a limited heat and mass transfer capacity, the rise of steam pressure accompanying the increase of flux may destabilize the system in order to augment its net transfer capacity. This reorganization may, for instance, take the form of an enlargement of existing conduits and vents or to the creation of new ones. In such a case, local and extremely dangerous blast phenomena are likely to occur with devastating consequences several hundreds of meters around. Even volcanoes with a moderate activity and considered safe by the local population are exposed to such abrupt and dangerous events. The detection of early warning signals through temperature monitoring in the vents is of a primary importance and a main difficulty is to correctly interpret temperature jumps in order to reduce false alarms. We analyze time series of the temperature measured in three fumaroles located at the top of La Soufrière volcano in Guadeloupe, which are characterized by their relatively low temperature around 99°C, slightly above the boiling temperature of water at this altitude. Thanks to the long duration of the records from January to August 2017 and to their short 1-s sampling interval, a multiscale analysis can be performed over several orders of magnitude. We show that, despite their complex and sometimes erratic appearance, the temperature variations observed in the vents contain components highly correlated with rain input variations. Some remarkable patterns recurrently appear at different periods and we show that the main temperature variations of more than 10°C are related to the rainfall intensity. Our results illustrate the importance of external forcing on the otherwise complex and possibly chaotic dynamics of the shallow hydrothermal system of La Soufrière. They also reveal that a careful analysis of rainfall forcing must be done to be able to draw any conclusion concerning changes caused by the underlying hydrothermal system.

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Section: Periodicity In Csc Time Seriessupporting

confidence: 93%

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Systems Response to Rainfall Forcing: An Example From Temperature Time Series of Fumaroles at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe Volcano

d’Ars

Gibert

2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…The importance of heat flux and steam condensation on geysering has been documented [e.g., Goodykoontz and Dorsch, 1967;Boure et al, 1973;Casarosa et al, 1983;Aritomi et al, 1993;Marcel et al, 2010]. Other parameters also affect the geysering process: the water level and geometry of the vessel, as well as pressure and temperature differences driving water flow and heat transport [Lin et al, 1995;Tong et al, 2014;Chen et al, We measured the pressure and temperature of the water at a frequency of 100 Hz in most experiments using a HIOKI 8430 data logger with one pressure sensor (XPM10 from Measurement specialties) with an accuracy of <0.25% of full range, corresponding to 100 Pa for 40 kPa, and K-type thermocouples with an accuracy of $18C around 1008C. Only for experiment 0-8, the sampling frequency was 10 Hz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of heat flux and steam condensation on geysering has been documented [e.g., Goodykoontz and Dorsch , ; Boure et al ., ; Casarosa et al ., ; Aritomi et al ., ; Marcel et al ., ]. Other parameters also affect the geysering process: the water level and geometry of the vessel, as well as pressure and temperature differences driving water flow and heat transport [ Lin et al ., ; Tong et al ., ; Chen et al ., ]. Multiple water sources are also inferred from theoretical studies [ Steinberg et al ., ] and laboratory experiments based on the two water source model or reuse of erupted water show how recharge of cold water can stop boiling and hence permits irregular discharge [ Steinberg et al ., ; Toramaru and Maeda , ; Adelstein et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study of the role of subsurface plumbing on geothermal discharge

Namiki

Ueno

Hurwitz

et al. 2016

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.

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In order to better understand the diverse discharge styles and eruption intervals observed at geothermal features, we performed three series of laboratory experiments with differing plumbing geometries. A single, straight conduit that connects a hot water bath (flask) to a vent (funnel) can originate geyser‐like periodic eruptions, continuous discharge like a boiling spring, and fumarole‐like steam discharge, depending on the conduit length and radius. The balance between the heat loss from the conduit walls and the heat supplied from the bottom determines whether and where water can condense which in turn controls discharge style. Next, we connected the conduit to a cold water reservoir through a branch, simulating the inflow from an external water source. Colder water located at a higher elevation than a branching point can flow into the conduit to stop the boiling in the flask, controlling the periodicity of the eruption. When an additional branch is connected to a second cold water reservoir, the two cold reservoirs can interact. Our experiments show that branching allows new processes to occur, such as recharge of colder water and escape of steam from side channels, leading to greater variation in discharge styles and eruption intervals. This model is consistent with the fact that eruption duration is not controlled by emptying reservoirs. We show how differences in plumbing geometries can explain various discharge styles and eruption intervals observed in El Tatio, Chile, and Yellowstone, USA.

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Heat transfer and instability characteristics of a loop thermosyphon with wide range of filling ratios

Liu

et al. 2019

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Experimental investigation of effective parameters on geyser periodicity in a vertical heated system

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Systems Response to Rainfall Forcing: An Example From Temperature Time Series of Fumaroles at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe Volcano

Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Systems Response to Rainfall Forcing: An Example From Temperature Time Series of Fumaroles at La Soufrière de Guadeloupe Volcano

An experimental study of the role of subsurface plumbing on geothermal discharge

Heat transfer and instability characteristics of a loop thermosyphon with wide range of filling ratios

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