A full-scale test model with a distinct loading system is developed to analyze the dynamic change process of ballast beds under cyclic longitudinal reciprocated loading. e test analysis methodology accounts for the service performance, longitudinal resistances, and evolution trend of ballast beds under long-term loading.e analysis shows that the ballast resistancedisplacement curves under cyclic loading are a set of closed hysteretic curves, indicating obvious energy consumption. In particular, a granular ballast bed is subject to cyclic softening during the cyclic process and the ballast longitudinal resistances degenerate obviously. More particularly, the cyclic softening of a granular ballast bed is dependent on the dynamic disturbance amplitude-the higher the dynamic disturbance amplitude, the more severe the cyclic softening will become. Moreover, this methodology contributes to forming a foundation for an in-depth understanding of the dynamic service performance of ballast CWR tracks and of the stress deformation mechanism of continuously welded rail tracks.