Experimental Investigation into a Packed Bed Thermal Storage Solution for Solar Gas Turbine Systems

Klein, Peter; Roos, Thomas H.; Sheer, TJ

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.091

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These results are successfully simulated thanks to the one-dimensional two-phase model from Mumma and Marvin, 1976, which is used to investigate the most efficient bed configuration to store a given heat power during a given time period. Klein et al, 2014Klein et al, , 2010, studied a 28-kWh packed bed of ceramic beads running up to 900°C. The system suffers from flow channelling near the tank's wall but the phenomenon is taken into account and correctly simulated by a two-dimensional three-phase model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study and numerical modelling of high temperature gas/solid packed-bed heat storage systems

Esence

Desrues

Fourmigué

et al. 2019

Energy

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Two pilot-scale regenerative heat storage systems have been tested by the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA). The first one is a 1.1-MWhth structured packed bed consisting of ceramic plates forming corrugated channels. The second one is a 1.4-MWhth granular packed bed consisting of basaltic rocks enclosed by refractory walls. The two regenerators were tested over a hundred of thermal cycles between 80°C and 800°C with different fluid mass flows. Both systems showed their ability to store heat efficiently and to provide thermal energy at a stable temperature for the most part of the discharge process. The granular packed bed exhibited large transverse thermal heterogeneities due to flow channelling in the corners of the cross section. However, this phenomenon appears not to have degraded significantly the thermal performances, and the average one-dimensional thermal behaviour of the system may be assessed thanks to the surface weighted average of the temperature over the bed cross section. Compared to the granular packed bed, the structured bed showed comparable thermal performances while inhibiting flow heterogeneities and reducing by up to 54% the average pressure drop. Furthermore, at the end of the test campaign, the packed beds were observed and compared from a mechanical point of view. The thermal results were successfully simulated over numerous charge/discharge cycles thanks to a onedimensional numerical model. This is significant since the discrepancies between experimental and numerical results are likely to accumulate from a cycle to the other. The model considers the packed beds as continuous and homogeneous porous media but takes account of the conduction resistances within the solid filler and the walls. The pressure drop of the beds was computed using a correlation developed thanks to a previous CFD study for the structured packed bed, and the Ergun equation for the granular packed bed. Compared to experimental data, these correlations enabled to estimate the order of magnitude and the evolution trend of the pressure drop with an average deviation ranging from-7.2% to +61.9%. For the granular packed bed, these deviations are ascribed to the flow heterogeneities and the shape of the rocks which are not taken into account in the Ergun equation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study and numerical modelling of high temperature gas/solid packed-bed heat storage systems

Esence

Desrues

Fourmigué

et al. 2019

Energy

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“…As described by Zanganeh et al (2012), the dominant temperature dependent property is the solid phase heat capacity. The temperature dependent heat capacity of candidate ceramic storage materials is presented by Klein et al (2014b). The materials considered in the current study undergo small changes in heat capacity when the temperature range of analysis is above 350 C. Thus the assumption of constant thermophysical properties improves the simulation time and does not introduce solution errors.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. Details of the testing programme are provided in Klein et al (2014b). Tests were conducted over the temperature ranges 350-900°C and 600-900°C.…”

Section: Tes Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric analysis of a high temperature packed bed thermal storage design for a solar gas turbine

2015

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“…Achenbach [14] showed that the void fraction is higher in the near-wall region of a PBR due to the stacking of particles, leading to a non-uniform flow resistance across the bed and hence changes in the velocity profile and radial temperature distribution. Klein et al [15] investigated the radial temperature distribution in a high-temperature packed bed, showing that solid particles at the tank wall increased in temperature slower than those in the centre. It was hypothesised this was due to increased heat losses to the wall via radiation and convection.…”

Section: Modelling Of Packed Bed Regeneratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Cryogenic Packed Bed Regenerator for Liquid Air Energy Storage Applications

et al. 2020

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Electrical energy storage will play a key role in the transition to a low carbon energy network. Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a thermal–mechanical energy storage technology that converts electricity to thermal energy. This energy is stored in three ways: as latent heat in a tank of liquid air, as warm sensible heat in a hot tank and as cold sensible heat in a packed bed regenerator (PBR), which is the focus of this paper. A PBR was selected because the temperature range (−196 °C to 10 °C) prohibits storage in liquid media, as most fluids will undergo a phase change over a near 200 °C temperature range. A change of phase in the storage media would result in exergy destruction and loss of efficiency of the LAES device. Gravel was selected as the storage media, as (a) many gravels are compatible with cryogenic temperatures and (b) the low cost of the material if it can be used with minimal pre-treatment. PBRs have been extensively studied and modelled such as the work by Schumann, described by Wilmott and later by White. However, these models have not been applied to and validated for a low temperature store using gravel. In the present research, a comprehensive modelling and experimental program was undertaken to produce a validated model of a low-temperature PBR. This included a study of the low-temperature properties of various candidate gravels, implementation of a modified Schumann model and validation using a laboratory scale packed bed regenerator. Two sizes of gravel at a range of flow rates were tested. Good agreement between the predicted and measured temperature fields in the PBR was achieved when a correlation factor was applied to account for short circuiting of the storage media through flow around the interface between the walls of the regenerator and storage media.

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Experimental Investigation into a Packed Bed Thermal Storage Solution for Solar Gas Turbine Systems

Cited by 44 publications

References 6 publications

Experimental study and numerical modelling of high temperature gas/solid packed-bed heat storage systems

Experimental study and numerical modelling of high temperature gas/solid packed-bed heat storage systems

Parametric analysis of a high temperature packed bed thermal storage design for a solar gas turbine

The Modelling and Experimental Validation of a Cryogenic Packed Bed Regenerator for Liquid Air Energy Storage Applications

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