Experimental Investigation for NOx Emission Reduction in Hydrogen Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Using Spark Timing Retardation, Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Water Injection Techniques

Jeeragal, Ramesh; Subramanian, K.A.

doi:10.1007/s11630-019-1099-3

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…14 (a)). Because by increasing λ > 2.22 causes the temperature to decrease significantly, reducing NO formation to nearly zero and is in agreement with previous work [57]. Reductions of NO emissions occur with increasing λ for the corresponding MAP values (Fig.…”

Section: Nitric Oxide Emissionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Investigation of Boost Pressure and Spark Timing on Combustion and No Emissions Under Lean Mixture Operation in Hydrogen Engines

Rrustemi

Ganippa

Axon

2023

Preprint

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Section: Nitric Oxide Emissionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Investigation of Boost Pressure and Spark Timing on Combustion and No Emissions Under Lean Mixture Operation in Hydrogen Engines

Rrustemi

Ganippa

Axon

2023

Preprint

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“…On the way toward total decarbonization, one step further would be the use of hydrogen as a carbon-free fuel for lean-burn internal combustion engines, in which NO x is the only environmental pollutant formed during the combustion process aside from very small amounts of CO, hydrocarbons, and ash from the lubricants. Regarding the H 2 engine, engine control methods can significantly reduce NO x emissions; , however, an efficient exhaust aftertreatment system might still be needed for meeting tightening regulations. Because H 2 is already available from the fuel tank, its usage as a reducing agent would be an elegant way for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO x (eq ), especially if the formation of undesired byproducts can be suppressed (eqs –).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_x with H₂ for Cleaning Exhausts of Hydrogen Engines: Impact of H₂O, O₂, and NO/H₂ Ratio

Borchers

Keller

Lott

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A key concept for hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines is reducing NO x emissions with direct H 2 -SCR. Besides platinum as an active noble metal component, palladium-based catalysts are attractive for NO reduction with high selectivity. However, reliability of the catalytic activity in the presence of water with persistently low side product formation remains challenging. Therefore, a monolithic 1%Pd/5%V 2 O 5 /20%TiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 model catalyst is studied extensively under different conditions, showing that NO x conversion remains high even in the presence of 5% water, maintaining over 65% selectivity toward N 2 . Additionally, the catalyst remained active in a long-term experiment over 12 h in the absence and presence of water with an NO conversion over 45%. Finally, steady-state measurements and a kinetic analysis reveal overall concentration dependencies alongside trends of the reduction reaction competing with the hydrogen combustion reaction.

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“…However, the NO x reduction was not satisfactory under minimum performance drop range. Some other methods like SCR, 27 EGR, 28 and water injection 29 are also investigated. Among several ways to reduce NO x , EGR is considered the most effective method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the effects of manifold pressure boosting and EGR on combustion and NO_x emission of hydrogen-fueled SI engine

Pandey

2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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Aiming to the global energy insecurity due to extensive dependence on fossil fuels, hydrogen is supposed to provide relief by researchers. However, employed to combustion engines, this green fuel leaves hazardous NOx and limits output due to low volumetric energy content. Hence, improving operating parameters like compression ratio and manifold pressure, and NOx mitigating technique like EGR may prove a boon. Therefore, in the present study, combustion and NOx emission behavior of the SI-engine is studied under variable manifold air pressure (MAP) (up to 130 kPa) and EGR (up to 15%) at compression ratio 14:1. The outcomes shows the flame development increased by 1.24%, while flame propagation is increased by 1.63% by MAP boosting due to increased air and fuel supply. Cylinder pressure and heat-release rate (HRR) are also surged due to the increased fuel supply to maintain excess-air ratio (λ). However, peak cylinder pressure is retarded due to elongated combustion. The exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is increased by 19.4%, while elevated Tmax is observed to shoot up NOx by 40%. Combustion in improved at low EGR due to reduced λ, and also the specific NOx. At higher EGR rate deteriorated combustion due to increased heterogeneity by high dilution, increasing combustion duration, cooling losses and reducing cylinder pressure, Tmax and EGT. A 9.33% and 5.67% increase in CA10 and CA10–90 respectively is observed for 130 kPa at 15% EGR than no EGR. The rapid reduction in oxygen and higher heterogeneity reducing residence time, resulted in rapid drop (33% at N/A to 42.68% at 130 kPa for 15% EGR) in NOx by EGR. The coefficient variation is reduced by boosting MAP but increased severely at higher EGR, which restricts operating EGR rate.

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Experimental Investigation for NOx Emission Reduction in Hydrogen Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Using Spark Timing Retardation, Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Water Injection Techniques

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Investigation of Boost Pressure and Spark Timing on Combustion and No Emissions Under Lean Mixture Operation in Hydrogen Engines

Investigation of Boost Pressure and Spark Timing on Combustion and No Emissions Under Lean Mixture Operation in Hydrogen Engines

Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_x with H₂ for Cleaning Exhausts of Hydrogen Engines: Impact of H₂O, O₂, and NO/H₂ Ratio

Studying the effects of manifold pressure boosting and EGR on combustion and NO_x emission of hydrogen-fueled SI engine

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Experimental Investigation for NOx Emission Reduction in Hydrogen Fueled Spark Ignition Engine Using Spark Timing Retardation, Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Water Injection Techniques

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Investigation of Boost Pressure and Spark Timing on Combustion and No Emissions Under Lean Mixture Operation in Hydrogen Engines

Investigation of Boost Pressure and Spark Timing on Combustion and No Emissions Under Lean Mixture Operation in Hydrogen Engines

Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with H2 for Cleaning Exhausts of Hydrogen Engines: Impact of H2O, O2, and NO/H2 Ratio

Studying the effects of manifold pressure boosting and EGR on combustion and NOx emission of hydrogen-fueled SI engine

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Product

Resources

About

Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO_x with H₂ for Cleaning Exhausts of Hydrogen Engines: Impact of H₂O, O₂, and NO/H₂ Ratio

Studying the effects of manifold pressure boosting and EGR on combustion and NO_x emission of hydrogen-fueled SI engine