Experimental investigation and modelling of MQL assisted turning process during machining of 15-5 PH stainless steel using response surface methodology
Abstract:Built-up-edge formation is one of the problems in conventional (flood) machining of 15-5 precipitated hardened stainless steel (PH SS) which results in poor product quality. Further, concentration on stringent environmental conscious regulations has been increasing in metal cutting industries due to environmental pollution. The present work target is to address these problems using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) machining technique. MQL machining technique is one of the promising techniques for the metal c… Show more
“…It was also showed to be similar to the studies in the literature [22]. With increased flow rate, Ra roughness slightly decreased [33]. Graphs showing the relationship between surface roughness values and turning parameters are given in Fig.…”
Section: Results and Discussion 31 Surface Roughnesssupporting
In this study, nano-sized MoS2 was mixed into coolant and was turned with GGG-70 spheroidal graphite cast iron. Surface roughness and tool wear were analyzed and effects of nano-MoS2 on machinability were investigated. Cutting tests were carried out at 350 m/min cutting speed, 0.2 mm/feed rate and 4 mm cutting depth. Surface roughness (Ra) values and cutting tool wear obtained under dry cutting, conventional cooling, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) and 3 different nano-MoS2 added MQL conditions were investigated. Highest average Ra value was obtained under dry turning conditions. Roughness value decreased at conventional cooling, MQL and nano MoS2 added MQL conditions. A 37% reduction in Ra was obtained with respect to dry processing conditions. The lowest Ra 7 bar pressure, 160 ml/min flow rate and MQL + 1.5% nano-MoS2 spray was measured at 0.99 µm.
“…It was also showed to be similar to the studies in the literature [22]. With increased flow rate, Ra roughness slightly decreased [33]. Graphs showing the relationship between surface roughness values and turning parameters are given in Fig.…”
Section: Results and Discussion 31 Surface Roughnesssupporting
In this study, nano-sized MoS2 was mixed into coolant and was turned with GGG-70 spheroidal graphite cast iron. Surface roughness and tool wear were analyzed and effects of nano-MoS2 on machinability were investigated. Cutting tests were carried out at 350 m/min cutting speed, 0.2 mm/feed rate and 4 mm cutting depth. Surface roughness (Ra) values and cutting tool wear obtained under dry cutting, conventional cooling, Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) and 3 different nano-MoS2 added MQL conditions were investigated. Highest average Ra value was obtained under dry turning conditions. Roughness value decreased at conventional cooling, MQL and nano MoS2 added MQL conditions. A 37% reduction in Ra was obtained with respect to dry processing conditions. The lowest Ra 7 bar pressure, 160 ml/min flow rate and MQL + 1.5% nano-MoS2 spray was measured at 0.99 µm.
“…15-5PH steel is widely used in the aerospace, petrochemical industries, food processing, paper production, metalworking, gear and pump manufacturing [3]. The majority of 15-5PH stainless steel components are manufactured via machining methods.…”
Abstract15‐5PH steel is a group of martensitic stainless steel which is strengthened by precipitation hardening. This paper is aimed to evaluate the effects of precipitation hardening on the machinability of 15–5PH. Machining was carried out at different feed rates and cutting speeds under heat treatment conditions H900 (meaning heat treatment at 900 °F) and H1150. The cutting force, work‐piece's surface roughness and tool wear were compared to the results of turning in solution condition. Scanning electron microscopy observation revealed that crater and flank wear were the main tool wear types in the turning of 15–5PH under the H900, solution and H1150 conditions. In addition, turning in the H900 condition causes defects such as “side flow” of the workpiece surface and “plowing” by the tool, compared to turning in the solution condition. The analysis of variance indicated that H1150 had the highest performance in reducing the cutting force, tool wear and surface roughness. The comparison between turning in H900 and solution conditions showed that the average cutting force and tool's flank wear in the H900 condition are 18 % and 11 % higher than solution condition, respectively. However, the mean roughness was 14 % lower under H900 than the solution condition.
“…It was concluded that MQL is a far superior method of applying cutting fluid and poses less health risks. Sivaiah [32] evaluated turning performance under MQL cooling by varying process parameters. They observed that the mathematical models constructed using the RSM approach accurately predicted performance results.…”
Environmental machining was investigated using coconut oil and minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) in the turning of AISI 316 stainless steel. The turning parameters and MQL flow rate were optimized using ANOM and ANOVA in multi-response analysis to obtain the best hardness and minimum surface roughness. The feed, speed, depth of cut, and MQL flow rate were used as input parameters. It was observed that minimum surface roughness (R a : 1.12 μm and R z : 6.37 μm) at cutting speed of 120 m/min, feed rate between 0.25 and 0.3 mm/rev, the depth of cut between 1.0 and 1.5 mm and a flow rate of 90 ml/h. The high hardness of 230 μHv at machined surface and machining affected zone (MAZ) was observed to a depth of 1.075 mm. The coconut oil was shown to be an ecofriendly lubricant for machining difficult-to-cut materials like stainless steel and keeping good surface integrity.
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