Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Surge in a Multistage Compressor

Munari, Enrico; Morini, Mirko; Pinelli, Michele; Spina, Pier Ruggero

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.503

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Regarding the turbomachinery and energy system field, only a few authors [43][44][45] used this method, therefore it can be considered an original methodology for modeling the dynamic behavior of the compression piping systems during surge. This modeling technique is a powerful way of developing dynamic models, as demonstrated in [9], by comparing the model response with the experimental data from [46]. Once the correct graphic bond graph representation is complete, the causality assignment (i.e.…”

Section: Dynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the axial force during surge. In a previous work by the authors [9], an early preliminary (very simplified) version of the model has been shown to clearly predict deep surge thermodynamics, after proper tuning, in an axial-centrifugal compressor. In this paper, the advanced version of the model is also shown to provide high agreement with two-stage centrifugal compressor thermodynamic test data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This paper presents a dynamic model for predicting the performance of a compressor installed in a piping system. This work represents the further development of the basic model presented in the preceding work [9] and is carried out in partnership with Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) and Solar Turbines Inc. The model is able to estimate the frequency and the amplitude of the mass flow rate and pressure oscillations, upstream and downstream of the compressor, during surge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement and Prediction of Centrifugal Compressor Axial Forces During Surge—Part II: Dynamic Surge Model

Munari

Morini

Pinelli

et al. 2017

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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The force acting on centrifugal compressors is an important parameter to be considered throughout the operating life of these turbomachines. When the compressor is operating in surge conditions, these forces can become highly dangerous for the mechanical and aerodynamic structures. This instability is usually avoided in industrial applications, but the antisurge system may not react in time when emergency shutdowns or power failures take place. During these rapid transients, surge can develop, generating unsteady forces which can harm the close clearance components of the compressor. Therefore, the capability to predict the characteristics and the dynamics of these surge forces would allow the estimation of the off-design fatigue cycles produced on these components by surge. Currently, no validated method exists to predict the frequency and amplitude of the surge forces and determine the potential damage of these components. In this paper, a lumped parameter model, developed by using the bond graph approach to predict the dynamic surge fluid-dynamic oscillations, is presented. The model requires the geometry and the steady-state performance maps of the compressor as inputs, together with the piping system configuration characteristics. The simulator is provided with a supplementary tool to estimate the axial force frequency and amplitude, taking into consideration all the contributions to the axial fluid-dynamic thrust, the stiffness-damping of the thrust bearing, and the mass of the rotor. The model was tuned and validated using the test case axial force data from the Southwest Research Institute (SWRI) facility. The model has shown good agreement with the experimental results which implies that it can offer significant information about the severity of a surge event and the quantification of the machine performance losses together with possible damage to the close clearance components. This study is a first important step that can lead to schedule optimization for maintenance and repair activities.

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Section: Dynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Measurement and Prediction of Centrifugal Compressor Axial Forces During Surge—Part II: Dynamic Surge Model

Munari

Morini

Pinelli

et al. 2017

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The bond graph, when used as a modeling framework, provides the ability for the designer to examine causal difficulties. Furthermore, this type of modeling has the benefit of a constant and consistent structure related to the system which can minimize the issue of numerical stiffness [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. According to Vangheluwe et al's [37] evaluation, the bond graph is the most suitable graph for library-based modeling with respect to its high potential for the best modularity, re-usability, and adaptability among other modeling formalisms and languages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Control of the Starter Motor and Start-Up Phase for Gas Turbines

2019

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Improving the performance of industrial gas turbines has always been at the focus of attention of researchers and manufacturers. Nowadays, the operating environment of gas turbines has been transformed significantly respect to the very fast growth of renewable electricity generation where gas turbines should provide a safe, reliable, fast, and flexible transient operation to support their renewable partners. So, having a reliable tools to predict the transient behavior of the gas turbine is becoming more and more important. Regarding the response time and flexibility, improving the turbine performance during the start-up phase is an important issue that should be taken into account by the turbine manufacturers. To analyze the turbine performance during the start-up phase and to implement novel ideas so as to improve its performance, modeling, and simulation of an industrial gas turbine during cold start-up phase is investigated this article using an integrated modular approach. During this phase, a complex mechatronic system comprised of an asynchronous AC motor (electric starter), static frequency converter drive, and gas turbine exists. The start-up phase happens in this manner: first, the clutch transfers the torque generated by the electric starter to the gas turbine so that the turbine reaches a specific speed (cranking stage). Next, the turbine spends some time at this speed (purging stage), after which the turbine speed decreases, sparking stage begins, and the turbine enters the warm start-up phase. It is, however, possible that the start-up process fails at an intermediate stage. Such unsuccessful start-ups can be caused by turbine vibrations, the increase in the gradients of exhaust gases, or issues with fuel spray nozzles. If, for any reason, the turbine cannot reach the self-sustained speed and the speed falls below a certain threshold, the clutch engages once again with the turbine shaft and the start-up process is repeated. Consequently, when modeling the start-up phase, we face discontinuities in performance and a system with variable structure owing to the existence of clutch. Modeling the start-up phase, which happens to exist in many different fields including electric and mechanical application, brings about problems in numerical solutions (such as algebraic loop). Accordingly, this study attempts to benefit from the bond graph approach (as a powerful physical modeling approach) to model such a mechatronic system. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in detailed performance prediction of the gas turbine in start-up phase.

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“…A bond graph is a very suitable approach to modeling mechatronic systems, as it allows the conversion of the system into state-space representation [17][18][19][20][21]. The bond graph has been used in turbomachinery applications widely: Gas turbine modeling and analysis [22][23][24], noise prediction and control [25,26], and surge prediction and control [27][28][29] are topics in which a bond graph has been successfully used. In previous studies by the authors, both propulsion and the main body of the JQ were modeled in a bond graph, and these models were then combined to predict the dynamic behavior of the system [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Requirements for Future Gas Turbine-Powered Unmanned Drones: JetQuads

2018

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The next generation of aerial robots will be utilized extensively in real-world applications for different purposes: Delivery, entertainment, inspection, health and safety, photography, search and rescue operations, fire detection, and use in hazardous and unreachable environments. Thus, dynamic modeling and control of drones will play a vital role in the growth phase of this cutting-edge technology. This paper presents a systematic approach for control mode identification of JetQuads (gas turbine-powered quads) that should be satisfied simultaneously to achieve a safe and optimal operation of the JetQuad. Using bond graphs as a powerful mechatronic tool, a modular model of a JetQuad including the gas turbine, electric starter, and the main body was developed and validated against publicly available data. Two practical scenarios for thrust variation as a function of time were defined to investigate the compatibility and robustness of the JetQuad. The simulation results of these scenarios confirmed the necessity of designing a compatibility control loop, a stability control loop, and physical limitation control loops for the safe and errorless operation of the system. A control structure with its associated control algorithm is also proposed to deal with future challenges in JetQuad control problems.

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Experimental Investigation and Modeling of Surge in a Multistage Compressor

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Measurement and Prediction of Centrifugal Compressor Axial Forces During Surge—Part II: Dynamic Surge Model

Measurement and Prediction of Centrifugal Compressor Axial Forces During Surge—Part II: Dynamic Surge Model

Modeling and Control of the Starter Motor and Start-Up Phase for Gas Turbines

Control Requirements for Future Gas Turbine-Powered Unmanned Drones: JetQuads

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