Experimental inoculation of calves with laboratory strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus

Polak, M.P.; Zmudzinski, J.F.

doi:10.1016/s0147-9571(99)00060-0

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…Perhaps this index would be much higher if the study of antibodies to BVDV1 in calves was conducted at a later period: 2-3 months p.i. The results of our work to some extent are consistent with the data of other researchers [ 24 ], who conducted experiments on the infection of the 6 seronegative calves with laboratory BVDV1 NADL and Oregon C24V strains. These calves had clinical signs of disease (cough, serous discharge from the eyes, biphasic fever, transit leukopenia, and decreasing the lymphocyte number).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Virulent Properties of Russian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains in Experimentally Infected Calves

Глотов¹,

Glotova²,

Koteneva³

et al. 2016

Scientifica

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The results of experimental study of three noncytopathic and two cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains isolated from cattle in the Siberian region and belonging to the type 1 (subtypes 1a, 1b, and 1d) have been presented. All investigated strains caused the development of infectious process in the seronegative 4–6-month-old calves after aerosol challenge with the dose of 6 log10 TCID50. The greatest virulence had noncytopathic strain and cytopathic strain related to the subtypes 1d and 1b, respectively. All strains in infected calves caused some signs of moderate acute respiratory disease and diarrhea: depression 3–5 days postinfection (p.i.), refusal to food, severe hyperthermia to 41.9°С, serous exudate discharges from the nasal cavity and eyes, transient diarrhea with blood, leukopenia (up to 2700 cells/mm3), and macroscopic changes in the respiratory organs and intestine. The infected animals recovered from 12 to 15 days p.i. and in 90% cases formed humoral immune response 25 days p.i. (antibody titers to BVDV: 1 : 4–1 : 16). Our results confirmed the presence of virulent BVDV1 strains and showed the need for researches on the molecular epidemiology of the disease, development of more effective diagnostic systems, and optimization of control programs with use of vaccines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Virulent Properties of Russian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains in Experimentally Infected Calves

Глотов¹,

Glotova²,

Koteneva³

et al. 2016

Scientifica

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“…However this study provides data from calves inoculated with a wider range of dose covering almost 4 logs (10 2.55 to 10 6.7 ) and shows that dose indeed has an effect on the range of symptoms and the severity of disease. Many experiments have been reported which involve the inoculation of calves with BVDV in doses exceeding 10 5 TCID 50 [ 27 – 29 ], but no data seemed to exist on inoculation with low doses of BVDV-1 as described here (10 2.55 TCID 50) . As there is clearly a high variability in the virulence of different BVDV strains, information is lacking about what might constitute a minimum infective dose for a calf, also described as a Calf infectious dose 50% (CID 50 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Viral Dose and Immunosuppression Modulate the Progression of Acute BVDV-1 Infection in Calves: Evidence of Long Term Persistence after Intra-Nasal Infection

et al. 2015

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Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection of cattle causes a diverse range of clinical outcomes from being asymptomatic, or a transient mild disease, to producing severe cases of acute disease leading to death. Four groups of calves were challenged with a type 1 BVDV strain, originating from a severe outbreak of BVDV in England, to study the effect of viral dose and immunosuppression on the viral replication and transmission of BVDV. Three groups received increasing amounts of virus: Group A received 102.55TCID50/ml, group B 105.25TCID50/ml and group C 106.7TCID 50/ml. A fourth group (D) was inoculated with a medium dose (105.25TCID50/ml) and concomitantly treated with dexamethasone (DMS) to assess the effects of chemically induced immunosuppression. Naïve calves were added as sentinel animals to assess virus transmission. The outcome of infection was dose dependent with animals given a higher dose developing severe disease and more pronounced viral replication. Despite virus being shed by the low-dose infection group, BVD was not transmitted to sentinel calves. Administration of dexamethasone (DMS) resulted in more severe clinical signs, prolonged viraemia and virus shedding. Using PCR techniques, viral RNA was detected in blood, several weeks after the limit of infectious virus recovery. Finally, a recently developed strand-specific RT-PCR detected negative strand viral RNA, indicative of actively replicating virus, in blood samples from convalescent animals, as late as 85 days post inoculation. This detection of long term replicating virus may indicate the way in which the virus persists and/or is reintroduced within herds.

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“…The BVDV-1q subtype strain may have become an epidemic strain of BVDV in Xinjiang. The pathogenicity of BVDV-2 strains has been widely reported [16][17][18] , but few studies have reported the pathogenicity of BVDV-1 strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Çin’de BVDV 1q’nun Tespiti: Patojenitesinin Araştırılması Amacıyla Genetik Karakterizasyon ve Deneysel Enfeksiyon

He¹,

Ma²,

Huang³

et al. 2020

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pathogen that affects ruminants worldwide and is one of the most economically important diseases of cattle. Although BVDV infections have been increasingly reported in China, the pathogenesis and genetic characteristics of these BVDV isolates have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a novel BVDV isolate, designated LC, which was isolated from the feces of a cattle with diarrhea. The complete genome of isolate LC was 12.271 nucleotides and contained a 5'-UTR of 389 nucleotides, a 3'-UTR of 189 nucleotides, and a large ORF encoding a polyprotein consisting of 3898 amino acids. Genomic comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of the complete genomic sequence clearly showed that the isolate was a BVDV-1q subtype. Experimental infection of calves with isolate LC resulted in the development of clinical signs including elevated rectal temperatures, nasal discharge and decreased leucopenia. Viral antigen was detected in infected animal tissues using immunohistochemistry. This is the first report of the genomic sequence of a BVDV-1q virus isolated from cattle. The virus strain was moderately pathogenic in calves and could potentially be used as a BVDV challenge virus to evaluate the efficacy of BVDV vaccines.

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Experimental inoculation of calves with laboratory strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

Virulent Properties of Russian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains in Experimentally Infected Calves

Virulent Properties of Russian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains in Experimentally Infected Calves

Viral Dose and Immunosuppression Modulate the Progression of Acute BVDV-1 Infection in Calves: Evidence of Long Term Persistence after Intra-Nasal Infection

Çin’de BVDV 1q’nun Tespiti: Patojenitesinin Araştırılması Amacıyla Genetik Karakterizasyon ve Deneysel Enfeksiyon

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