Experimental infection of vaccinated and non-vaccinated lambs with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

Juste, Ramón A.; Marı́n, Juan Francisco Garcı́a; Mora-Peris, Borja; Ocáriz, C S Sáez de; Badiola, Juan José

doi:10.1016/s0021-9975(08)80189-2

Cited by 79 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Within the limits of the procedures employed, these findings suggest that the relationship of focal and multifocal lesions in cattle positive to the bovine tuberculin test is not significant. Focal lesions, similar to those encountered in this study, have been found in the initial phases of experimental paratuberculosis infections in sheep (Juste et al, 1994;Nisbet et al, 1962), and normally occur during the first months of life (Clarke, 1997), but in our work all the cattle were adults. Although the possibility of a recent infection cannot be excluded, it seems more likely that these focal lesions might represent persistent forms of Map infections taking place in the first weeks of life, as has been suggested in sheep (P e erez et al, 1996) and goats (Corpa et al, 2000).…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

Presence of focal and multifocal paratuberculosis lesions in mesenteric lymph nodes and the ileocaecal valve of cattle positive to the tuberculin skin test

Balseiro

Espí

et al. 2003

The Veterinary Journal

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supporting

confidence: 86%

Presence of focal and multifocal paratuberculosis lesions in mesenteric lymph nodes and the ileocaecal valve of cattle positive to the tuberculin skin test

Balseiro

Espí

et al. 2003

The Veterinary Journal

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“…The tube should be reweighed to determine the wet pellet weight. In general, the number of MAP would range from 5 Â 10 6 (Juste et al, 1994) to 3 Â 10 7 CFU (Hines et al, 2007) per mg pelleted wet weight and averaging approximately 1 Â 10 7 CFU/mg (Sweeney and Hines, unpublished information). A retrospective estimate of the number of CFU inoculated should be made by performing colony counts plated on serial dilutions.…”

Section: Methods Of Quantifying Inoculummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative number of AFB is given the lowest weight in this system since both paucibacillary and pleuribacillary forms of JD are recognized in some species affected. Alternative lesion grading systems based on classification of lesions of natural cases of paratuberculosis in sheep (Perez et al, 1996), goat (Corpa et al, 2000) and cattle (Gonzalez et al, 2005), granuloma counting for sheep (Juste et al, 1994), and for deer have been proposed. on these ovine strains, it is critical that each isolate used be genotyped to allow future comparison.…”

Section: Long-term Ovine Map Challenge Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental challenge models for Johne's disease: A review and proposed international guidelines

Hines

Stabel

Sweeney

et al. 2007

Veterinary Microbiology

118

140

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An international committee of Johne's disease (JD) researchers was convened to develop guidelines for JD challenge studies in multiple animal species. The intent was to develop and propose international standard guidelines for models based on animal species that would gain acceptance worldwide. Parameters essential for the development of long-term and short-term infection models were outlined and harmonized to provide a ''best fit'' JD challenge model for cattle, goats, sheep, cervids, and mice. These models will be useful to study host-pathogen interactions, host immunity at the local and systemic level, and for evaluating vaccine candidates and therapeutics. The consensus guidelines herein list by animal species strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis used, challenge dose, dose frequency, age of challenge, route of challenge, preparation of inoculum, experimental animal selection, quality control, minimal experimental endpoints and other parameters. #

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“…However, previous longitudinal studies where lambs have been orally dosed with high numbers of Map have found young animals with Map infection disseminated to tissues outside the alimentary tract including bacteraemia prior to the onset of clinical disease. 2,4,5 In those studies, where hepatic lesions were described, no conclusions were made as to their significance. 4 Nevertheless, they did demonstrate the occurrence of systemic and disseminated Map infection in young animals and are evidence that Map bacteraemia and histopathological involvement of the liver is not just limited to adult sheep with Type 3b and Type 3c ileal lesions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Biopsy Histopathology for Diagnosis of Johne’s Disease in Sheep

et al. 2014

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Sheep with Johne's disease develop epithelioid macrophage microgranulomas, specific to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) infection, in the terminal ileum, mesenteric lymph nodes, and organs distant to the alimentary tract such as the liver. The objectives of this study were to determine whether liver pathology was present in ewes affected by Map and whether liver cores provide adequate tissue for this potential diagnostic marker. One hundred and twenty-six adult, low body condition ewes were euthanized, necropsied, and underwent simulated liver biopsy. Ileal lesions typical of Map were found in 60 ewes. Hepatic epithelioid microgranulomas were observed in all ewes with Type 3b (n ¼ 40) and 82% (n ¼ 11) with Type 3c ileal lesions. None were found in ewes unaffected by Map or with Type 1, 2, or 3a ileal lesions. Liver biopsy core samples provided adequate tissue for histopathology with a sensitivity and specificity of 96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-0.99) and 100% (95% CI, 0.95-1), respectively for detection of types 3b and 3c ileal lesions.Keywords diagnostic test, ELISA, hepatic granuloma, hepatic epithelioid macrophage, histopathology, Johne's disease, liver biopsy, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), New Zealand, serology, sheep, sensitivity, specificityThe diagnosis of clinical Johne's disease (JD) in sheep is often made postmortem with examination of gross lesions including cording or lymphangitis of the ileal serosal lymphatics, lymphadenitis, and enlargement of the mesenteric lymph nodes and corrugated granulomatous thickening of the ileal mucosa with confirmation made histopathologically. In live sheep, available diagnostic tests include fecal culture, Ziehl Neelsen stained fecal smears identifying acid fast organisms (AFO), ELISA, Map-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR), identification of Map specific peptides, and measuring the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as gamma interferon. Sheep with clinical JD have advanced ileal lesions with Map cultured from organs distant to the alimentary tract such as the peripheral lymph nodes, skeletal muscle, and liver as a result of Map bacteraemia and systemic infection. 2,4,8,9 The portal blood system facilitates Map infection of the liver, which is an organ readily accessed using routine biopsy in the live animal. Liver biopsy histopathology may provide an opportunity to identify JD in live sheep without surgery. The objectives of this study were to determine whether sheep with ileal lesions typical of Map have concurrent hepatic epithelioid macrophage microgranulomas (HEM), compare the sensitivity and specificity of liver histopathology with ELISA serology for diagnosis of ewes affected by Map, defined as those with Type 3b and 3c ileal lesions 7 (Table 1), and determine whether liver biopsy samples provide enough tissue for use as a diagnostic test.Adult, Romney composite mixed breed and mixed age ewes (>3 years old) from 7 North Island New Zealand farms, with a history of clinical JD and flock...

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Experimental infection of vaccinated and non-vaccinated lambs with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

Cited by 79 publications

References 10 publications

Presence of focal and multifocal paratuberculosis lesions in mesenteric lymph nodes and the ileocaecal valve of cattle positive to the tuberculin skin test

Presence of focal and multifocal paratuberculosis lesions in mesenteric lymph nodes and the ileocaecal valve of cattle positive to the tuberculin skin test

Experimental challenge models for Johne's disease: A review and proposed international guidelines

Liver Biopsy Histopathology for Diagnosis of Johne’s Disease in Sheep

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