Experimental infection of Phlebotomusperniciosus and determination of the natural infection rates of Leishmaniainfantum in dogs

Guarga, Jose Luis; Lucientes, Javier; Peribáñez, Miguel A.; Molina, Ricardo; Lamelas, María Teresa; Castillo, Juan Antonio

doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(00)00141-8

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The infectiousness of dogs, with and without symptoms, has been measured in at least 13 reported studies (Courtney O, unpublished data) with a mean infection rate of 25% (1,979 of 7,927 sandflies). 7,27,28 In contrast, only 8% (112 of 1,365) of sandflies fed on VL patients were infected, 8,18,29,30 and none of about 2,000 sandflies fed on subclinical cases or cured VL patients became infected. 18 Previous attempts to test the role of dogs focused on household dog ownership patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Domestic dog ownership in Iran is a risk factor for human infection with Leishmania infantum.

Gavgani

Mohite²,

Edrissian³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. One explanation proposed for the widespread failure to control zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis by culling infected domestic dogs is that wild canids or humans play significant roles in transmission. The aim of this study was to determine the importance of domestic dogs as the reservoir hosts of visceral leishmaniasis in northwest Iran. A random sample of 3,872 children and 199 dogs in 38 villages was surveyed by the direct agglutination test. Dog ownership details among these households were collected by questionnaire. Parasites isolated from 16 patients and 12 dogs were characterized as Leishmania infantum MON-1. Average seroprevalence in dogs (21.6%) was much higher than in children (7%). Child seropositivity increased significantly with village dog density in absolute terms (P < 0.001) and in relation to dog/human ratios (P ‫ס‬ 0.028). Dog ownership within villages also was a significant risk factor for child seropositivity (P ‫ס‬ 0.003).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Domestic dog ownership in Iran is a risk factor for human infection with Leishmania infantum.

Gavgani

Mohite²,

Edrissian³

et al. 2002

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Guarga et al determined that even seropositive subclinical dogs were infectious to sand-flies through xenodiagnosis (Guarga et al 2000). Madeira et al .…”

Section: Organ Specific Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on adaptive and innate immunity in canine leishmaniosis

2016

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SUMMARYCanine leishmaniosis (CanL) is caused by the parasite Leishmania infantum and is a systemic disease, which can present with variable clinical signs, and clinicopathological abnormalities. Clinical manifestations can range from subclinical infection to very severe systemic disease. Leishmaniosis is categorized as a neglected tropical disease and the complex immune responses associated with Leishmania species makes therapeutic treatments and vaccine development challenging for both dogs and humans. In this review, we summarize innate and adaptive immune responses associated with L. infantum infection in dogs, and we discuss the problems associated with the disease as well as potential solutions and the future direction of required research to help control the parasite.

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“…Leishmaniasis is initiated by the inoculation of Leishmania promastigotes into the skin of a susceptible host during the blood meal of an infected sand fly [1]. Thereafter, the parasite may remain at the inoculation site or disseminate in the host tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereafter, the parasite may remain at the inoculation site or disseminate in the host tissues. Permanence at the inflammation site and dissemination of the parasite may result in a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that range from self-healing skin ulcers to disfiguring mucosal lesions and fatal visceral leishmaniasis [1, 2]. At the Leishmania inoculation site, various phagocytes have the potential to phagocytize and transport live amastigotes or killed parasites, which may also act as antigens, to the draining lymph node.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leishmania amazonensis infection impairs dendritic cell migration from the inflammatory site to the draining lymph node

et al. 2014

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BackgroundIn vitro studies show that Leishmania infection decreases the adhesion of inflammatory phagocytes to connective tissue by a mechanism dependent on the modulation of integrin function. However, we know little about the influence of this reduction in leukocyte adhesion on parasite dissemination from the infection site.MethodsIn this work, we used a model of chronic peritonitis induced by thioglycollate to study the effect of L. amazonensis infection on the ability of inflammatory phagocyte populations to migrate from an inflammatory site to the draining lymph node. Uninfected or Leishmania-infected thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal exudate cells were transferred from C57BL/6 to BALB/c mice or from Ly5.1+ to Ly5.1- mice. The transferred cells were injected into the peritoneal cavity and tracked to the draining lymph node.ResultsMigrating cells corresponded to approximately 1% of the injected leukocytes. The proportion of migrating CD11b+CD11c+ (myeloid dendritic cell) was lower after incubation with Leishmania (1.3 to 2.6 times lower in the experiments using C57BL/6 to BALB/c animals and 2.7 to 3.4 times lower in the experiments using Ly5.1+ to Ly5.1- animals) than after leukocyte incubation with medium alone (P < 0.01). There was no consistent decrease in the migration of CD11b+F4/80+ (macrophage) or SSChi GR-1+ (neutrophil) populations.ConclusionsCoincubation with Leishmania changes the migratory pattern of dendritic cells in vivo. Such changes in dendritic cell migration may be associated with immunological events that maintain inflammation at the sites of infection.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-450) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Experimental infection of Phlebotomusperniciosus and determination of the natural infection rates of Leishmaniainfantum in dogs

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Domestic dog ownership in Iran is a risk factor for human infection with Leishmania infantum.

Domestic dog ownership in Iran is a risk factor for human infection with Leishmania infantum.

Insights on adaptive and innate immunity in canine leishmaniosis

Leishmania amazonensis infection impairs dendritic cell migration from the inflammatory site to the draining lymph node

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