Experimental Infection of Didelphis Marsupialis With Vesicular Stomatitis New Jersey Virus

Trujillo, Carlos Mario; Rodrı́guez, Luis L.; Rodas, Juan David; Arboleda, John J

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-46.1.209

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Because immune control of HAV includes antiviral cytokines excreted by CD4 + T cells ( 52 ), MHAV may represent a unique opportunity to assess whether this part of the immune control of HAV is indeed evolutionarily conserved, once virus isolates or a reverse genetics system becomes available. Finally, opossums have been used previously in studies of viral pathogenesis and transmission, including studies of rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and La Crosse virus ( 53 – 55 ), highlighting the feasibility of experimental hepatovirus infections in these uniquely divergent animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Marsupial Hepatitis A Virus Corroborates Complex Evolutionary Patterns Shaping the Genus Hepatovirus

Carneiro

Sander

Silva

et al. 2018

J Virol

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The discovery of highly diverse nonprimate hepatoviruses illuminated the evolutionary origins of hepatitis A virus (HAV) ancestors in mammals other than primates. Marsupials are ancient mammals that diverged from other Eutheria during the Jurassic. Viruses from marsupials may thus provide important insight into virus evolution. To investigate Hepatovirus macroevolutionary patterns, we sampled 112 opossums in northeastern Brazil. A novel marsupial HAV (MHAV) in the Brazilian common opossum (Didelphis aurita) was detected by nested reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). MHAV concentration in the liver was high, at 2.5 × 109 RNA copies/g, and at least 300-fold higher than those in other solid organs, suggesting hepatotropism. Hepatovirus seroprevalence in D. aurita was 26.6% as determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Endpoint titers in confirmatory immunofluorescence assays were high, and marsupial antibodies colocalized with anti-HAV control sera, suggesting specificity of serological detection and considerable antigenic relatedness between HAV and MHAV. MHAV showed all genomic hallmarks defining hepatoviruses, including late-domain motifs likely involved in quasi-envelope acquisition, a predicted C-terminal pX extension of VP1, strong avoidance of CpG dinucleotides, and a type 3 internal ribosomal entry site. Translated polyprotein gene sequence distances of at least 23.7% from other hepatoviruses suggested that MHAV represents a novel Hepatovirus species. Conserved predicted cleavage sites suggested similarities in polyprotein processing between HAV and MHAV. MHAV was nested within rodent hepatoviruses in phylogenetic reconstructions, suggesting an ancestral hepatovirus host switch from rodents into marsupials. Cophylogenetic reconciliations of host and hepatovirus phylogenies confirmed that host-independent macroevolutionary patterns shaped the phylogenetic relationships of extant hepatoviruses. Although marsupials are synanthropic and consumed as wild game in Brazil, HAV community protective immunity may limit the zoonotic potential of MHAV.IMPORTANCE Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a ubiquitous cause of acute hepatitis in humans. Recent findings revealed the evolutionary origins of HAV and the genus Hepatovirus defined by HAV in mammals other than primates in general and in small mammals in particular. The factors shaping the genealogy of extant hepatoviruses are unclear. We sampled marsupials, one of the most ancient mammalian lineages, and identified a novel marsupial HAV (MHAV). The novel MHAV shared specific features with HAV, including hepatotropism, antigenicity, genome structure, and a common ancestor in phylogenetic reconstructions. Coevolutionary analyses revealed that host-independent evolutionary patterns contributed most to the current phylogeny of hepatoviruses and that MHAV was the most drastic example of a cross-order host switch of any hepatovirus observed so far. The divergence of marsupials from other mammals offers unique opportunities to investigate HAV species barrie...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Marsupial Hepatitis A Virus Corroborates Complex Evolutionary Patterns Shaping the Genus Hepatovirus

Carneiro

Sander

Silva

et al. 2018

J Virol

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“…A subsequent serological survey in the area of Ghana where the US 2003 rodents were imported from, found that approximately 5 and 2% of Gambian-pouched rats were positive for OPV DNA and antibodies, respectively [75]; one drawback to the Gambian pouched rat is that it is a relatively unused model, although some rudimentary studies have been performed [88,89]. The southern opossum, although native to South America and therefore not a natural host of MPXV, could also be utilized for studies, and has previously been used as a model of other viral infections [90]. The multimammate mouse, which has been utilized in at least one virus study (minute virus), was also reported to be highly susceptible to MPXV, and this species should also be evaluated further [91].…”

Section: Experimental and Natural Mpx In Small Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Experimental and Natural Infections of Animals with Monkeypox Virus Between 1958 and 2012

2013

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Monkeypox virus (MPXV) was discovered in 1958 during an outbreak in an animal facility in Copenhagen, Denmark. Since its discovery, MPXV has revealed a propensity to infect and induce disease in a large number of animals within the mammalia class from pan-geographical locations. This finding has impeded the elucidation of the natural host, although the strongest candidates are African squirrels and/or other rodents. Experimentally, MPXV can infect animals via a variety of multiple different inoculation routes; however, the natural route of transmission is unknown and is likely to be somewhat species specific. In this review we have attempted to compile and discuss all published articles that describe experimental or natural infections with MPXV, dating from the initial discovery of the virus through to the year 2012. We further discuss the comparative disease courses and pathologies of the host species.

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“…One possible explanation could have been illness or diseases that arose due to separation from the mother. Studies have found that newborns are able to obtain passive immunity from viral diseases like vesicular stomatitis through their mother's milk (Trujillo et al, 2010). As the majority of newborns were admitted after the death of their mothers, they may not have been able to obtain the antibodies from their mother's milk and consequently may have had increased susceptibility to diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife rehabilitation: A case study of the neo-tropical, opossum Didelphis marsupialis insularis, Allen 1902.

Tardieu

Rollock²,

Garcia

2020

Braz. J. Biol.

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Wildlife rehabilitation facilities in the Caribbean region are limited, yet they can provide relevant information on wild populations. Didelphis marsupialis insularis is a popularly hunted, under-studied, neo-tropical marsupial species that is increasingly being admitted for rehabilitation. The aim of this study was 1. To record the experiences of rehabilitating D. marsupialis insularis in the neo-tropical island of Trinidad and Tobago and 2. To extract and highlight information on the biology of this opossum sub-species. Using admission records, obtained over a roughly four year period, two breeding periods (February to March and August to October) were illustrated. Litter sizes averaged five individuals, with a range of 1 to 8 young. This species was found to be common in urban areas of the country, with dog attacks reported as the major cause for admission. Thus the information recorded by this wildlife rehabilitation facility has provided great insight on the sparsely studied opossum, D. marsupialis insularis.

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Experimental Infection of Didelphis Marsupialis With Vesicular Stomatitis New Jersey Virus

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

A Novel Marsupial Hepatitis A Virus Corroborates Complex Evolutionary Patterns Shaping the Genus Hepatovirus

A Novel Marsupial Hepatitis A Virus Corroborates Complex Evolutionary Patterns Shaping the Genus Hepatovirus

A Review of Experimental and Natural Infections of Animals with Monkeypox Virus Between 1958 and 2012

Wildlife rehabilitation: A case study of the neo-tropical, opossum Didelphis marsupialis insularis, Allen 1902.

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