Experimental Induction of Osteosarcomas

Finkel, Miriam P.; Biskis, Birute O.

doi:10.1159/000386023

Cited by 62 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand the yield of chemically induced (Mazabraud, 1975) or radiationinduced (Finkel & Biskis, 1968;Cobb, 1970;Geddes-Dwyer et al, 1974;Solheim, 1977;Loutit, 1976) osteosarcomas in animals is not high enough for quantitative studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone tumours induced in rats with radioactive cerium

Delbrück¹,

Allouche²,

Jasmin³

et al. 1980

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-A technique is described for the induction of metastasizing bone tumours in rats by local inoculation of 144cerium. Bone sarcomas develop in 9000 of the animals and 74%0 of these had lung metastases. The tumours can be easily cultured and maintained by serial transplantations. Preliminary data of clinical, histological and kinetic characteristics of these bone tumours are given.To ANSWER the multiple questions which arise in the treatment of human osteosarcoma, i.e. effect of radiochemoimmunotherapy, prevention of lung metastases, diagnostic procedures and pathophysiological characteristics, there is a particular need for experimental tumour models.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone tumours induced in rats with radioactive cerium

Delbrück¹,

Allouche²,

Jasmin³

et al. 1980

Br J Cancer

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“…In experimental animals, especially in mice, spontaneous bone tumors are extremely rare (7,11,25,27) except for one inbred line derived by Pybus and Miller (32) from the Simpson strain. Several methods to induce bone tumors were undertaken ; zink beryllium (12), radioactive compounds (11 , 19, 24, 48), chemical carcinogens (19,22,46), and X-ray irradiation (9,40) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common site of the metastases in spontaneous bone tumors (l, 17, 33, 38) as well as induced tumors (11,43) is the lung, and the incidence was about 20% or less. Of the 214 mice which survived over 40 days after transplantation, 45 animals (21.0%) had lung metastases in this experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and Histochemical Findings of Transplantable Osteosarcoma of Mice

Shimokawa

1974

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…Puskin (2009) on "Perspective on use of Linear-No Threshold Theory (LNT) for radiation protection and risk assessment by the U.S. EPA" begins its scientific section with the statement "Results from laboratory studies of irradiated animals and epidemiological studies of irradiated human cohorts are generally consistent with a linear, nothreshold dose-response, down to the lowest doses". With regard to animal studies, perhaps the clearest statistically indisputable violations of that statement are in the work at Argonne National Lab on injecting radioactive materials into mice (Finkel and Biskis 1962, 1968 and at Oak Ridge on gamma ray exposure of mice (Ullrich and Storer 1979). Another is tumor induction by irradiation of mouse skin throughout life (Tanooka 2001) where weekly irradiation with 1.5 Gy, 2.2 Gy, and 3 Gy resulted in tumors to 0%, 35%, and 100% of the mice respectively-hardly a linear no threshold response.…”

Section: Letter To the Editor: Response To Epa Position On Cancer Rismentioning

confidence: 99%

Response to EPA Position on Cancer Risk from Low Level Radiation

Cohen¹

2010

Dose-Response

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The paper by J.S. Puskin (2009) on "Perspective on use of Linear-No Threshold Theory (LNT) for radiation protection and risk assessment by the U.S. EPA" begins its scientific section with the statement "Results from laboratory studies of irradiated animals and epidemiological studies of irradiated human cohorts are generally consistent with a linear, nothreshold dose-response, down to the lowest doses". With regard to animal studies, perhaps the clearest statistically indisputable violations of that statement are in the work at Argonne National Lab on injecting radioactive materials into mice (Finkel and Biskis 1962, 1968 and at Oak Ridge on gamma ray exposure of mice (Ullrich and Storer 1979). Another is tumor induction by irradiation of mouse skin throughout life (Tanooka 2001) where weekly irradiation with 1.5 Gy, 2.2 Gy, and 3 Gy resulted in tumors to 0%, 35%, and 100% of the mice respectively-hardly a linear no threshold response.With regard to human studies, a clear and statistically indisputable demonstration of LNT failure was of bone cancers among dial painters and others occupationally exposed to ingested radium (Evans 1974) where there were no tumors in the several categories exposed to less than 10 Gy, but for dose ranges around 18 Gy, 35 Gy, 75 Gy, and 200 Gy 25% to 38% in each category developed tumors. Another case of LNT failure is the observation that lung cancer mortality in U.S. counties decreases dramatically with increasing mean radon levels in homes, with or without corrections for smoking prevalence and with full consideration of over 500 potential confounding factors (Cohen 1995(Cohen , 2006.The Puskin paper then presents a highly over-simplified theoretical basis for supporting LNT down to the lowest doses-the DNA damage is proportional to the number of radiation hits and hence to the dose. This ignores the many microarray studies (e.g. Yin et al 2005) which show that the genes affected by low level radiation are very different from those affected by the cancer-causing high levels from which risk estimates are derived (Tubiana and Aurengo 2005).

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Experimental Induction of Osteosarcomas

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Bone tumours induced in rats with radioactive cerium

Bone tumours induced in rats with radioactive cerium

Histological and Histochemical Findings of Transplantable Osteosarcoma of Mice

Response to EPA Position on Cancer Risk from Low Level Radiation

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