Experimental filtering effect on the daylight operation of a free-space quantum key distribution

Ko, Hyun-Seok; Kim, Kap-Joong; Choe, Joong-Seon; Choi, Byung-Seok; Kim, Jong-Hoi; Baek, Yongsoon; Youn, Chun Ju

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-33699-y

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This source of background photons is perhaps the most difficult obstacle to continuous global coverage. Timing information, as well as information about the spectral and spatial profile of the signal, can help reduce the noise via filtering, but only to a certain extent (see, for e.g., refs 70,99 ). Furthermore, because the probability to transmit single photons from satellite to ground is quite low, the communicating parties must ensure that the probability to collect background photons is even lower in order to ensure a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and thus a high fidelity for the received quantum state.…”

Section: Overview Of Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spooky action at a global distance: analysis of space-based entanglement distribution for the quantum internet

et al. 2021

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Recent experimental breakthroughs in satellite quantum communications have opened up the possibility of creating a global quantum internet using satellite links. This approach appears to be particularly viable in the near term, due to the lower attenuation of optical signals from satellite to ground, and due to the currently short coherence times of quantum memories. The latter prevents ground-based entanglement distribution using atmospheric or optical-fiber links at high rates over long distances. In this work, we propose a global-scale quantum internet consisting of a constellation of orbiting satellites that provides a continuous, on-demand entanglement distribution service to ground stations. The satellites can also function as untrusted nodes for the purpose of long-distance quantum-key distribution. We develop a technique for determining optimal satellite configurations with continuous coverage that balances both the total number of satellites and entanglement-distribution rates. Using this technique, we determine various optimal satellite configurations for a polar-orbit constellation, and we analyze the resulting satellite-to-ground loss and achievable entanglement-distribution rates for multiple ground station configurations. We also provide a comparison between these entanglement-distribution rates and the rates of ground-based quantum repeater schemes. Overall, our work provides the theoretical tools and the experimental guidance needed to make a satellite-based global quantum internet a reality.

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Section: Overview Of Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(34). In order to calculate R, we let λ = 810 nm, Δλ = 1 nm, Ω fov = 100 μsr, r = 0.5 m, and ΔT = 1 ns; see, for e.g., refs 70,99,110 . from the context.…”

Section: Simulation Detailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spooky action at a global distance: analysis of space-based entanglement distribution for the quantum internet

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, our finding suggests that payloads optimised for operation with high background levels of light may be beneficial to extend coverage at high latitudes during the summer months, e.g., 1550-nm operation and aggressive temporal, spatial and spectral filtering. A shift toward 1550 nm would be also desirable in order to implement intersatellite links [42][43][44][45]. This may however compromise peak key distribution rates; hence, further studies will be needed to perform optimisation across payload and mission parameters coupled with a detailed key-demand and network-usage model including key buffering and refresh rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice, some nonzero key rates may be possible with small levels of background light and a more detailed simulation incorporating site-level background light and astronomical data, e.g., position of the moon, is in development. SatQKD systems that can operate in daytime are currently under development by various groups [42][43][44][45] but not yet fully demonstrated in orbit. On the other hand, when the constellation is required to distribute keys not only to a single gateway but also to all gateways, the best case scenario secret key volume decreases to 160 kbit/night/satellite, which is also in southeast England.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QUARC: Quantum Research Cubesat—A Constellation for Quantum Communication

et al. 2020

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Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers future proof security based on fundamental laws of physics. Long-distance QKD spanning regions such as the United Kingdom (UK) may employ a constellation of satellites. Small satellites, CubeSats in particular, in low Earth orbit are a relatively low-cost alternative to traditional, large platforms. They allow the deployment of a large number of spacecrafts, ensuring greater coverage and mitigating some of the risk associated with availability due to cloud cover. We present our mission analysis showing how a constellation comprising 15 low-cost 6U CubeSats can be used to form a secure communication backbone for ground-based and metropolitan networks across the UK. We have estimated the monthly key rates at 43 sites across the UK, incorporating local meteorological data, atmospheric channel modelling and orbital parameters. We have optimized the constellation topology for rapid revisit and thus low-latency key distribution.

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“…However, the first downlink microsatellite QKD experiment was just realized very recently in 2017 with a QBER less than 3% and 99.4±4.4% degree polarization by Takenaka et al [38]. Several authors investigated the protocol using single photons and demonstrated the feasibility of free-space satellite-to-ground QKD with significant improvements regarding the QBER, the communication distance and the sifted key rate in the night-time as well as under noisy-like sunlight daytime [26,29,[39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Security and communication distance improvement in decoy states based quantum key distribution using pseudo-random bases choice for photon polarization measurement

Tchoffo

Tene

2021

Opt Quant Electron

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This paper proposes a new quantum key distribution(QKD) protocol, namely the pseudo-random bases entangled photon based QKD (PRB-EPQKD) protocol. The latest mainly focuses on three properties, including the security of the protocol, the secure key size and the maximum communication distance between legitimate communication users (Alice and Bob). To achieve this, we first consider a spontaneous-parametric-down (SPDC) photon source located in a low-earth-orbit (LEO) type satellite capable of producing and distributing entangled photons pairs to Alice and Bob. Secondly, we assume that Alice's and Bob's photons state measurement bases are identically generated via a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG), namely the quantum logistic map (QLM). Finally, we also assume that in addition to their photons states, Alice and Bob intentionally share a set of decoy states at each pulse with randomly selected intensity, and with the goal to detect the presence of the eavesdropper (Eve). Under these considerations, the secure key rate upper bound is evaluated applying the Gottesman-Lo-Lutkenhaus-Preskill's (GLLP) formula, for two different implementations, namely the non-decoy states and the infinite active decoy states based QKD. It is observed a significant improvement in the secure key size and the communication distance as well, compared to existing protocols, since we realize that under daylight, downlinks satellite conditions, a kindly selected light source, and good crystal's properties, the maximum communication distance can reach up to 70000 km. In addition, using the combined type-I and type-II SPDC photons source as our entangled photons pairs generator, significantly improved the photon mean number and render our protocol more robust against photon number division attack and against attenuation-induced atmospheric propagation. Furthermore, the protocol is more secure as compared to existing ones, given that any eavesdropper must crack simultaneously the chaotic system used as PRNG and the QKD system, before getting any useful information as regards to the measurement bases used by Alice and Bob, and thus the secure key.

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Experimental filtering effect on the daylight operation of a free-space quantum key distribution

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Spooky action at a global distance: analysis of space-based entanglement distribution for the quantum internet

Spooky action at a global distance: analysis of space-based entanglement distribution for the quantum internet

QUARC: Quantum Research Cubesat—A Constellation for Quantum Communication

Security and communication distance improvement in decoy states based quantum key distribution using pseudo-random bases choice for photon polarization measurement

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