Experimental exposure of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) to the infective stages of the sea louseLepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) influences the physiological response to an acute stressor

Ruane, Neil M.; Nolan, D.T.; Rotllant, Josep; Costelloe, Justin F.; Bonga, S.E. Wendelaar

doi:10.1006/fsim.1999.0260

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In both the infested and basal (uninfested) groups, we found that lymphocytes are the most abundant leukocytes in the peripheral blood; however, eosinophils were scarce in the uninfested fishes but abundant in the infested ones, which correlates with other studies in fishes (ALVAREZ-PELLITERO, 2008;EZE EVELYN et al, 2012;PIERRARD et al, 2012;RUANE et al, 2000;SILVA-SOUZA et al, 2000). Neutrophils decrease steadily during the 4 weeks of infestation, which is consistent with a study by Tavares-Dias et al (2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hematological changes in Eleginops maclovinus during an experimental Caligus rogercresseyi infestation

Peña-Rehbein

Ruiz

Ortloff

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Eleginops maclovinus has been an important fishery resource in Chile since 1957. Caligus rogercresseyi is one of the most prevalent ectoparasite species found on E. maclovinus. Hematocrit, hemoglobin level, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and differential white blood cell count were determined before and after an experimental infestation with C. rogercresseyi. We found significant differences in the hemoglobin level, WBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, hematocrit level and RBC between infested and uninfested fish. Furthermore correlations between number of C. rogercresseyi with hematocrit, MCHC, neutrophil, eosinophil and lymphocyte counts were found. Hematological reference ranges of E. maclovinus in captivity conditions were also established.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Hematological changes in Eleginops maclovinus during an experimental Caligus rogercresseyi infestation

Peña-Rehbein

Ruiz

Ortloff

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…In contrast with our results, Ruane et al (2000) observed increased number of erythrocytes and no alteration of hematocrit in parasitized trouts. The predominance of lymphocytes in the differential counting of leucocytes was similar to that observed by Silva-Souza et al (2000) for fish parasitized with L. cyprinacea, but higher than the normally verified in tilapia (Ezzat et al, 1974;Lea Master et al, 1990;Alkahem, 1994;Ueda et al, 1997;Tavares-Dias & Faustino, 1998;Tavares-Dias & Moraes, 2003).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Parasitized fishes may present significant changes in their haematological and physiological characteristics (Ruane et al, 2000), affecting their development (Singhal et al, 1990;Ranzani-Paiva & SilvaSouza, 2004a,b). In the United States alone, parasitic diseases of farmed fish caused in 1989 an economic loss estimated at US$ 11.5 million (Klesius & Rogers, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological and gill responses in parasitized tilapia from valley of Tijucas River, SC, Brazil

Azevedo

Martins

Bozzo

et al. 2006

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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In the State of Santa Catarina there is no information about haematological and parasitological characteristics of fish maintained in feefishing operations and manured ponds. This work compared the haematological characteristics of Nile tilapia parasitized or not, captured in a property situated in Nova Trento, SC, Brazil, between August 2003 and July 2004. During the studied period, the water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, ammonia and transparency were measured. Ten fish were collected monthly either in a feefishing or in a pond receiving pig manure, and anesthetized with benzocaine solution for haematological, parasitological and histopathological exams. From a total of 360 analyzed fish, 64 (17.8%) were parasitized with Cichlidogyrus sclerosus and Cichlidogyrus sp. (Monogenoidea: Ancyrocephalidae), 20 (5.5%) with Trichodina sp. (Protozoa: Ciliophora), and four (1.1%) with Lamproglena sp. (Crustacea: Lernaeidae). The total number of erythrocytes, thrombocytes and leucocytes, glucose rate and the percentages of hematocrit, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils did not show relation with parasitism. Histopathological analysis showed moderate hyperplasia and absence of congestion. The low level of parasitism found in the animals was not responsible for haematological alterations.

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“…In fish, plasma cortisol titres vary inversely with disease resistance by suppressing B lymphocyte function [48]. Infection with L. salmonis increases the susceptibility of rainbow trout to additional stressors [49]. Exposure to L. salmonis was associated with depressed respiratory burst and phagocyte activities in cultured adherent head kidney leucocytes coincident with elevated plasma cortisol in rainbow trout or in the absence of a cortisol response in Atlantic salmon [13,42,46].…”

Section: Immunomodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defence against the Dark Arts: Mechanisms of Resistance among Salmon to the Parasitic Copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis

Jones¹

2013

J Aquac Res Development

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IntroductionCopepods belonging to the family Caligidae, referred to as sea lice, are ectoparasites of marine fishes. All sea lice share similar life cycles including nauplius stages and an infective copepodid stage that disperse in the plankton while subsisting on endogenous lipids. Once settled onto a suitable host, the copepodid moults through four chalimus stages that are tethered to the host with a frontal filament. Depending on species, the parasite further develops through one or two preadult stages to the adult stage which are untethered and mobile on the host. Much of the damage caused by parasitic copepods is related to attachment to the host ( Figure 1) and feeding behaviour: the parasites graze on host tissues that range from mucus, cells of the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous tissues. The more invasive feeding behaviours are associated with the larger developmental stages.Species of sea lice parasitic on salmonid fishes are well described pests in marine aquaculture and in the northern hemisphere include Lepeophtheirus salmonis (the salmon louse) and several species of Caligus [1][2][3][4]. Infections with L. salmonis incur annual costs to marine open netpen aquaculture in excess of 700M Euros in Norway, Scotland, Ireland and Canada [5]. In addition, infections with Caligus rogercresseyii are a significant economic burden to salmon aquaculture in Chile [6]. Management of sea lice infections in aquaculture depends on integrated husbandry schemes including chemotherapeutant intervention [7]. However, recent trends indicate a declining efficacy for many compounds used for treatment, suggesting that in several jurisdictions L. salmonis or C. rogercresseyii have developed tolerance or resistance to these compounds. The absence of commercially efficacious vaccines against sea lice reflects a lack of detailed knowledge of immunogenic parasite antigens that elicit protective immunity in salmonids. In addition, defence responses against parasitic copepods in fishes are poorly documented. A more thorough understanding of teleost defense mechanisms against sea lice will provide a rational basis for the development of novel management strategies. The purpose of this paper is to review the current understanding of salmonid defence responses to L. salmonis. AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to review the current knowledge of salmonid defence responses to Lepeophtheirus salmonis. The salmon louse L. salmonis is an important pest of economically valuable salmonids in seawater throughout the northern hemisphere. Treatment of salmon lice on cultured salmon often fails in regions where the parasite has developed resistance to commonly used therapeutants. The development of efficacious vaccines is hampered by limited knowledge of parasite antigens that elicit protective immunity and a poor understanding of defence responses mounted by the salmonid host. Infection kinetics indicate a wide range of susceptibilities to L. salmonis among salmon species: juvenile coho and pink salmon are relatively resistant whereas Atl...

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Experimental exposure of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) to the infective stages of the sea louseLepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) influences the physiological response to an acute stressor

Cited by 65 publications

References 38 publications

Hematological changes in Eleginops maclovinus during an experimental Caligus rogercresseyi infestation

Hematological changes in Eleginops maclovinus during an experimental Caligus rogercresseyi infestation

Haematological and gill responses in parasitized tilapia from valley of Tijucas River, SC, Brazil

Defence against the Dark Arts: Mechanisms of Resistance among Salmon to the Parasitic Copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis

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