Experimental Evolution of Metal Resistance in Bacteria

Graves, Joseph L.; Ewunkem, Akamu J.; Thomas, Misty D.; Han, Jian; Rhinehardt, Kristen L.; Boyd, Sada; Edmundson, R.; Jeffers-Franci, Liesl; Harrison, Scott H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39831-6_9

Cited by 7 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…These studies have clearly shown that E. coli K-12 MG1655 can rapidly evolve resistance to gallium. We predicted that this would be true based upon our previous work that demonstrated that this strain could evolve resistance to excess iron (II, III) and that in each case, increased resistance to gallium resulted [21, 22]. Our result is in direct opposition to previously published claims concerning gallium quenching as an evolutionarily stable antimicrobial treatment [24].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…All polymorphisms classified by breseq in the Ga 3+ -selected populations and the controls are found in Supplementary Tables 1a–c and 2a–c. None of the suspected mutations associated with Ga 3+ resistance were found in the controls, or have ever been observed in the control populations of our previous studies [21, 22, 33, 34].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The latter result can be questioned, in that the genomic analysis showed no selection in genes that have previously been associated with silver resistance. Although selection for iron (II) and iron (III) resistance in our previous studies did confer a minor increase in silver resistance without evidence of selection in the genes cusS , ompR , that played a major role in conferring resistance [21, 22, 33, 34]. Therefore, it is possible that gallium selection is conferring a minor increase in silver resistance by mechanisms, we do not as of yet understand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 (ATCC #47076) was chosen for this study due to the paucity of known metal resistant loci in this bacterium. This is also the strain we have used in our previous studies evaluating the evolution of silver and iron resistance [21, 22, 33, 34]. Its chromosome has 4 641 652 nucleotides (GenBank: NC_000913.3) and contains no plasmids.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have recently shown that E. coli can evolve resistance to excess iron (II and III) [22, M. D. Thomas, J. L. Graves, A. J. Ewunkem et al in preparation]. Furthermore, an unexpected result of excess iron resistance in these strains was resistance to gallium which is an iron analog possessing the same nuclear radius as iron (Fe 3+ ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental evolution of gallium resistance in Escherichia coli

Graves

Ewunkem

Ward³

et al. 2019

Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health

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Background and Objectives Metallic antimicrobial materials are of growing interest due to their potential to control pathogenic and multidrug-resistant bacteria. Yet we do not know if utilizing these materials can lead to genetic adaptations that produce even more dangerous bacterial varieties. Methodology Here we utilize experimental evolution to produce strains of Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 resistant to, the iron analog, gallium nitrate (Ga(NO3)3). Whole genome sequencing was utilized to determine genomic changes associated with gallium resistance. Computational modeling was utilized to propose potential molecular mechanisms of resistance. Results By day 10 of evolution, increased gallium resistance was evident in populations cultured in medium containing a sublethal concentration of gallium. Furthermore, these populations showed increased resistance to ionic silver and iron (III), but not iron (II) and no increase in traditional antibiotic resistance compared with controls and the ancestral strain. In contrast, the control populations showed increased resistance to rifampicin relative to the gallium-resistant and ancestral population. Genomic analysis identified hard selective sweeps of mutations in several genes in the gallium (III)-resistant lines including: fecA (iron citrate outer membrane transporter), insl1 (IS30 tranposase) one intergenic mutations arsC →/→ yhiS; (arsenate reductase/pseudogene) and in one pseudogene yedN ←; (iapH/yopM family). Two additional significant intergenic polymorphisms were found at frequencies > 0.500 in fepD ←/→ entS (iron-enterobactin transporter subunit/enterobactin exporter, iron-regulated) and yfgF ←/→ yfgG (cyclic-di-GMP phosphodiesterase, anaerobic/uncharacterized protein). The control populations displayed mutations in the rpoB gene, a gene associated with rifampicin resistance. Conclusions This study corroborates recent results observed in experiments utilizing pathogenic Pseudomonas strains that also showed that Gram-negative bacteria can rapidly evolve resistance to an atom that mimics an essential micronutrient and shows the pleiotropic consequences associated with this adaptation. Lay summary We utilize experimental evolution to produce strains of Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655 resistant to, the iron analog, gallium nitrate (Ga(NO3)3). Whole genome sequencing was utilized to determine genomic changes associated with gallium resistance. Computational modeling was utilized to propose potential molecular mechanisms of resistance.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental evolution of gallium resistance in Escherichia coli

Graves

Ewunkem

Ward³

et al. 2019

Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health

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Fabrication of aerosol-based nanoparticles and their applications in biomedical fields

Gautam

Kim

Yong

2021

J. Pharm. Investig.

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Background Traditionally, nanoparticles for biomedical applications have been produced via the classical wet chemistry method, with size control remaining a major problem in drug delivery. In recent years, advances in aerosol-based technologies have led to the development of methods that enable the production of nanosized particles and have opened up new opportunities in the field of nano-drug delivery and biomedicine. Aerosol-based technologies have been constantly used to synthesize multifunctional nanoparticles with different properties, which extends their possible biological and medicinal applications. Moreover, aerosol technologies are often more beneficial than other existing approaches because of the major disadvantages of these other techniques. Area covered This review provides a brief discussion of the existing aerosol-based nanotechnologies and applications of nanoparticles in a variety of diseases. Various types of nanoparticles, such as graphene oxide, Prussian blue, black phosphorous, gold, copper, silver, tellurium, iron oxide, titania, magnesium oxide, and zinc oxide nanoparticles, prepared using aerosol technologies are discussed in this review. The different tactics used for surface modifications are also outlined. The biomedical applications of nanoparticles in chemotherapy, bacterial/fungal/viral treatment, disease diagnosis, and biological assays are also presented in this review. Expert opinion Aerosol-based technologies can be used to design nanoparticles with the desired functionality. This significantly benefits the nanomedicine field, particularly as product parameters are becoming more encompassing and exacting. One of the biggest issues with conventional methods is their scale-up/scale-down and clinical translation. Aerosol-based nanoparticle synthesis helps enhance control over the product properties and facilitate their use for clinical applications.

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Microbial defense

Graves

2022

Principles and Applications of Antimicrobial Nanomaterials

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Experimental Evolution of Metal Resistance in Bacteria

Cited by 7 publications

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Experimental evolution of gallium resistance in Escherichia coli

Experimental evolution of gallium resistance in Escherichia coli

Fabrication of aerosol-based nanoparticles and their applications in biomedical fields

Microbial defense

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