Experimental Evolution of Accelerated Development in Drosophila. 1. Developmental Speed and Larval Survival

Chippindale, Adam K.; Alipaz, Julie A.; Chen, Hsiao-Wei; Rose, Michael R.

doi:10.2307/2411206

Cited by 106 publications

(109 citation statements)

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“…In such studies there is evidence that larger males have higher lifetime reproductive success in part because of greater longevity and higher mating success at advanced ages than smaller males (Partridge & Farquhar, 1983). In D. melanogaster, the trade-off between adult size and fast development is well known (Partridge & Fowler, 1993 ;Zwaan et al, 1995 ;Nunney, 1996 ;Chippindale, 1997 ;Betran et al, 1998), suggesting that when rapid development is at a premium, the benefits of faster development may override those of larger size, leading to stabilizing selection on body size (Wilkinson, 1987). In populations maintained on a relatively short-generationtime, discrete-generation regime, such as the Bpopulations used in our study, development time is known to be under strong selection (Chippindale et al, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poisson distribution of male mating success in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster

1999

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SummaryVariation among males and females in reproductive success is a major determinant of effective population size. Most studies of male mating success in Drosophila, however, have been done under conditions very different from those in typical cultures. We determined the distribution of male mating success in five laboratory populations of D. melanogaster maintained on a 14 d, discrete generation cycle fairly representative of standard Drosophila cultures. Mating success was measured as the number of matings a male could achieve under conditions closely approximating a regular culture vial of these populations. Preliminary studies determined that most mating in these populations occurred within 14 h of the flies attaining sexual maturity. Consequently, individual virgin males were marked with white paint on their thorax, put into vials with varying numbers of unmarked virgin flies of both sexes, and monitored continuously for matings over a period of up to 14 h. At various times during the assay, virgin males and females were added to these vials in proportions simulating the pattern of eclosion in culture vials. The observed variation in the number of matings per male in the five populations was, by and large, consistent with a Poisson distribution, suggesting that male mating success in short-generation-time, discrete-generation laboratory cultures of D. melanogaster may fulfil a fundamental assumption of the Wright-Fisher model of genetic drift in finite populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poisson distribution of male mating success in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster

1999

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“…Two life-history traits showing prominent sexual dimorphism in D. melanogaster are development time and body size/weight, with females typically being faster developing and also larger and heavier, thus implying an even stronger dimorphism in pre-adult rates of weight gain (Nunney, 1996;Chippindale et al, 1997). The greater development time of males is known to be the result of a longer pupal, rather than larval, duration in males (Bakker & Nelissen, 1963;Nunney, 1983), and it has been speculated that the reason for this is the time-consuming process of sperm maturation (Nunney, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of sexual dimorphism for dry weight and development time in five species of Drosophila

et al. 2004

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Pre-adult development time, dry weight at eclosion, and daily fecundity over the first 10 days of adult life were measured in five species of Drosophila from the melanogaster and immigrans species groups. Overall, the three species of the melanogaster group (D. melanogaster, D. ananassae, D. malerkotliana) developed faster, were lighter at eclosion, and produced more eggs per unit weight at eclosion than the two species of the immigrans group (D. n. nasuta, D. sulfurigaster neonasuta). The degree of sexual dimorphism in dry weight was greater than that in development time, but did not vary significantly among species, and was not correlated with fecundity, contrary to expectations that sexual selection for increased fecundity drives sexual size dimorphism in Drosophila. The degree of dimorphism in development time was significantly correlated with dry weight and fecundity, with lighter species tending to be more dimorphic for development time as well as more fecund, both in absolute terms and in terms of fecundity per unit weight. The results suggest that our understanding of the evolutionary forces maintaining sexual size dimorphism in Drosophila will probably benefit from more detailed studies on the correlates of sexual dimorphism within and among Drosophila species, and on the shape of reaction norms for the degree of sexual dimorphism across different levels of ecologically relevant environmental variables.

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“…Selection for faster development in D. melanogaster populations of Chippindale et al (1997) also resulted in accelerated populations that differed significantly from their controls after 10 generations. The response continued, apparently unabated, until the last experimental assay at generation 125.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An earlier study of postponed aging populations (Chippindale et al 1994) showed no differences in hatching time between selection treatments differentiated for developmental time. Furthermore, Chippindale et al (1997) assumed that little or none of the evolutionary response was due to modification of egg duration. However, as in embryo stage practically all cells of the future adult individual are committed and determined, developmental time differences observed in this stage may be both responsible for some developmental constraints and important for the so-called rapid development syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, selection for embryonic time produced very small differences, on the order of an hour or less between populations tested (Marinkovic andAyala 1986, Neyfakh andHartl 1994). Nevertheless, some authors have demonstrated that developmental rate is not strictly maximized in species like D. melanogaster although they have abundant and selectable genetic components for faster development (Zwann et al 1995, Nunney 1996, Chippindale et al 1997.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic components affecting embryonic developmental time of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2002

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The developmental time of the embryonic stage of Drosophila melanogaster was 21.66% faster and 14.75% slower than controls in populations selected for fast and slow developmental speed, respectively. The genetic model with two main loci with dominant and additive effect added to maternal effect and their relevant interactions can explain 96% of the phenotypic variability in the embryonic developmental time according to 14 crossing progenies involving fast and slow flies.

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Experimental Evolution of Accelerated Development in Drosophila. 1. Developmental Speed and Larval Survival

Cited by 106 publications

References 0 publications

Poisson distribution of male mating success in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Poisson distribution of male mating success in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Correlates of sexual dimorphism for dry weight and development time in five species of Drosophila

Genetic components affecting embryonic developmental time of Drosophila melanogaster

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