Experimental Evidences Supporting Training-Induced Benefits in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Masson, Gustavo Santos; Michelini, Lisete Compagno

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-4307-9_16

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…It is well established that aerobic exercise training is an excellent non-pharmacological therapy that reduces autonomic dysfunction and, consequently, high blood pressure, the main cardiovascular pathology observed in SHR. [18][19][20][21] Other studies have demonstrated that exercise training, besides reducing the sympathetic overactivity observed in SHR, also has a significant benefit to recover the vagal component by increasing the oxytocinergic connections between the PVN and DMNV neurones. [22][23][24] Given that OT is a key neurotransmitter involved in the communication between PVN and DMNV neurones 25 and that this neuropeptide might play an important role in the recovery of the autonomic imbalance, we hypothesised that aerobic exercise training in SHR will restore the activity of liver-projecting DMNV neurones via the activation of OT neurones from the hypothalamus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well established that aerobic exercise training is an excellent non‐pharmacological therapy that reduces autonomic dysfunction and, consequently, high blood pressure, the main cardiovascular pathology observed in SHR 18‐21 . Other studies have demonstrated that exercise training, besides reducing the sympathetic overactivity observed in SHR, also has a significant benefit to recover the vagal component by increasing the oxytocinergic connections between the PVN and DMNV neurones 22‐24 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise training rescues the electrical activity of liver‐projecting DMNV neurones in response to oxytocin in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Santos

Moraes

Silva

et al. 2021

J Neuroendocrinology

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A neural circuit between the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV) constitutes part of an important parasympathetic autonomic pathway that controls hepatic glucose production.Intracerebroventricular injection of insulin activates oxytocinergic neurones in the PVN and elicits the release of oxytocin into the circulation, which plays an important role in the metabolism of glucose. Moreover, the central action of insulin can reduce the concentration of glucose in blood taken from the hepatic vein of Wistar rats via activation of vagal efferent nerves to the liver. This mechanism is impaired in sedentary spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Because aerobic exercise increases vagal tone, partly mediated by increasing the oxytocinergic connections between the PVN and DMNV, we hypothesised that oxytocin (OT) might alter the excitability of liver-projecting DMNV neurones. Thus, we investigated the effects of OT on electrical properties of the liver-projecting DMNV neurones from Wistar, SHR subjected to 4 weeks of exercise training, as well sedentary controls, using whole cell patch-clamping. The results show that OT increased the resting membrane potential of DMNV neurones in Wistar rats, as well as the firing frequency of these cells, but not in sedentary SHR. However, in SHR subjected to 4 weeks of exercise training, the effects of OT on liver-projecting DMNV neurones of were similar to those seen in Wistar rats. These findings show that OT elicits similar changes in the electrophysiological properties of liver-projecting DMNV neurones of Wistar and exercise-trained but not sedentary SHR. These results indicate that exercise training can restore the sensitivity of liver-projecting DMNV neurones of exercise-trained SHR to OT. K E Y W O R D S dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, exercise training, oxytocin, spontaneously hypertensive rats How to cite this article: dos Santos KM, Moraes DJDA, da Silva MP, Antunes VR. Exercise training rescues the electrical activity of liver-projecting DMNV neurones in response to oxytocin in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise training rescues the electrical activity of liver‐projecting DMNV neurones in response to oxytocin in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Santos

Moraes

Silva

et al. 2021

J Neuroendocrinology

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Cross-talk between exercises and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system blockade in hypertension

Kaschina

2024

Hypertens Res

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Guidelines for animal exercise and training protocols for cardiovascular studies

Poole

Copp

Colburn

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Whole body exercise tolerance is the consummate example of integrative physiological function among the metabolic, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. Depending on the animal selected, the energetic demands and flux through the oxygen transport system can increase two orders of magnitude from rest to maximal exercise. Thus, animal models in health and disease present the scientist with flexible, powerful, and, in some instances, purpose-built tools to explore the mechanistic bases for physiological function and help unveil the causes for pathological or age-related exercise intolerance. Elegant experimental designs and analyses of kinetic parameters and steady-state responses permit acute and chronic exercise paradigms to identify therapeutic targets for drug development in disease and also present the opportunity to test the efficacy of pharmacological and behavioral countermeasures during aging, for example. However, for this promise to be fully realized, the correct or optimal animal model must be selected in conjunction with reproducible tests of physiological function (e.g., exercise capacity and maximal oxygen uptake) that can be compared equitably across laboratories, clinics, and other proving grounds. Rigorously controlled animal exercise and training studies constitute the foundation of translational research. This review presents the most commonly selected animal models with guidelines for their use and obtaining reproducible results and, crucially, translates state-of-the-art techniques and procedures developed on humans to those animal models. Listen to this article’s corresponding podcast at: https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/guidelines-for-animal-exercise-and-training-protocols/ .

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Experimental Evidences Supporting Training-Induced Benefits in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 132 publications

Exercise training rescues the electrical activity of liver‐projecting DMNV neurones in response to oxytocin in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Exercise training rescues the electrical activity of liver‐projecting DMNV neurones in response to oxytocin in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cross-talk between exercises and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system blockade in hypertension

Guidelines for animal exercise and training protocols for cardiovascular studies

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