Experimental evidences of a structural and dynamical transition in fish school

Becco, Christophe; Vandewalle, Nicolas; Delcourt, Johann; Poncin, Pascal

doi:10.1016/j.physa.2005.11.041

Cited by 154 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Indeed, similar transitions have recently been observed in fish (Becco et al 2006) and in tissue cells (Szabo et al 2006). This observation has interesting implications from a biological perspective.…”

Section: Experiments On Locusts: Collective Levelsupporting

confidence: 80%

Information transfer in moving animal groups

et al. 2008

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Moving animal groups provide some of the most intriguing and difficult to characterise examples of collective behaviour. We review some recent (and not so recent) empirical research on the motion of animal groups, including fish, locusts and homing pigeons. An important concept which unifies our understanding of these groups is that of transfer of directional information. Individuals which change their direction of travel in response to the direction taken by their near neighbours can quickly transfer information about the presence of a predatory threat or food source. We show that such information transfer is optimised when the density of individuals in a group is close to that at which a phase transition occurs between random and ordered motion. Similarly, we show that even relatively small differences in information possessed by group members can lead to strong collectivelevel decisions for one of two options. By combining the use of self-propelled particle and social force models of collective motion with thinking about the evolution of flocking we aim to better understand how complexity arises within these groups.

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Section: Experiments On Locusts: Collective Levelsupporting

confidence: 80%

Information transfer in moving animal groups

et al. 2008

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“…A one-dimensional version of the Vicsek model was used to describe the transition . Similar results were also obtained in fish schools (Becco et al, 2006) and cells (Szabó et al, 2006), indicating that such simple models of self-organized motion well depict the onset of collective behavior.…”

Section: Empirical Studiessupporting

confidence: 79%

Collective behavior in animal groups: Theoretical models and empirical studies

2008

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“…For instance, in many species of fish, groups regularly alternate between a swarming state, in which fish simply aggregate with a low level of polarization, and a schooling state, in which individuals are aligned and move in the same direction (27,28). This transition is elicited by a sudden change in the velocity of a single or a few individuals that propagates to the whole group.…”

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confidence: 99%

Intermittent collective dynamics emerge from conflicting imperatives in sheep herds

Ginelli

Peruani

Pillot

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

148

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Among the many fascinating examples of collective behavior exhibited by animal groups, some species are known to alternate slow group dispersion in space with rapid aggregation phenomena induced by a sudden behavioral shift at the individual level. We study this phenomenon quantitatively in large groups of grazing Merino sheep under controlled experimental conditions. Our analysis reveals strongly intermittent collective dynamics consisting of fast, avalanche-like regrouping events distributed on all experimentally accessible scales. As a proof of principle, we introduce an agent-based model with individual behavioral shifts, which we show to account faithfully for all collective properties observed. This offers, in turn, an insight on the individual stimulus/ response functions that can generate such intermittent behavior. In particular, the intensity of sheep allelomimetic behavior plays a key role in the group's ability to increase the per capita grazing surface while minimizing the time needed to regroup into a tightly packed configuration. We conclude that the emergent behavior reported probably arises from the necessity to balance two conflicting imperatives: (i) the exploration of foraging space by individuals and (ii) the protection from predators offered by being part of large, cohesive groups. We discuss our results in the context of the current debate about criticality in biology.sheep herds | collective behavior | self-organization | computational modeling | Allelomimetism T he social interactions and behavioral mechanisms involved in the coordination of collective movements in animal groups largely determine the animals' ability to display adapted responses when they face challenges, such as finding, efficiently, food sources (1-4) or safe resting places (5-7) or avoiding predators (8-13). Thus, the diversity of collective motion patterns observed in groupliving species reflects the multiple forms of interactions individuals use for coordinating their behavioral actions (14,15). Deciphering these interactions, their relation with the patterns emerging at the collective level, and their connections with the physiological and ecological constraints peculiar to each group-living species is crucial to understanding the evolution of collective phenomena in biological systems (16-18). So far, only a handful of quantitative datasets have been gathered for large animal groups (19-21). Most of them have focused on elementary cases where the prevailing biological imperative seems to be group cohesion, either to gain protection from potential predators, such as for the spontaneous collective motion exhibited by starling flocks (19,22) and some fish schools (23-25), or for reproductive purposes, as in swarms of midges (21,26).One important and, so far, often neglected aspect of collective motion is the existence of individual-level behavioral shifts, which, in turn, may trigger a transition at the collective level. For instance, in many species of fish, groups regularly alternate between a swarming state, in wh...

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Experimental evidences of a structural and dynamical transition in fish school

Cited by 154 publications

References 11 publications

Information transfer in moving animal groups

Information transfer in moving animal groups

Collective behavior in animal groups: Theoretical models and empirical studies

Intermittent collective dynamics emerge from conflicting imperatives in sheep herds

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