Experimental Evaluation of Urinary Bladder Marsupialization in Male Goats

Abstract

Urinary bladder marsupialization has been successful in producing acceptable long-term resolution of clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis in male goats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the six-month outcome of urinary bladder marsupialization in male goats.The urinary bladders of six male goats free from systemic disease were marsupialized following induced urethral obstruction. Renal ultrasonography, complete blood count, and blood chemistry analysis were evaluated preoperatively (day 0), at 7 postoperative days, and at 30-day intervals until 180 postoperative days. Stomal diameter was recorded at each interval. Necropsy examination was performed on day 180 or when stomal stricture or death occurred.Stomal stricture occurred in one goat at 120 days, and another goat was found dead at 150 days. Necropsy of this goat revealed severe, suppurative cystitis. All goats developed mild urine scald dermatitis. All blood chemistry values remained within normal limits. Significant decreases in white blood cell count, serum creatinine, and stomal diameter were observed from day 0 to day 180. Except for the goat that died at iii 150 days, all urinary bladders were tubular in shape and the mucosa and serosa of all urinary tract organs appeared grossly normal at necropsy examination.

Surgical Management of Obstructive Urolithiasis in Small Ruminants by Tube Cystostomy in Chittagong, Bangladesh

“…However, post-operative complications associated with stricture formation, resulting in recurrent urinary obstruction [35]. Bladder marsupialization is another surgical option but the quality and duration of postoperative life may be limited by such problems as urine scald, urinary tract infection, stricture, and prolapse of bladder mucosa [36]. In ruptured urinary bladder most of the animals were treated with frusemide HCl by local veterinarians before being presented to the hospital.…”

Urogenital Surgery in Camelids

“…16,18 Urinary bladder marsupialization has been described in pygmy goats but has been associated with extensive urine scalding, stoma stricture, and bladder prolapse through the fistula site. 19,20 Laser lithotripsy, although sometimes used in equine urolithiasis , has been described in only a few case reports in ruminants. [21][22][23][24] To date, the most successful surgical method of treating obstructive urolithiasis in ruminants and camelids is surgical tube cystostomy.…”

“…19,20 This procedure was used successfully in a llama suffering a ruptured urethra at the level of the ischial arch. Prepubic cystostomy eliminates urinary continence and may, as a result, be unacceptable to some owners.…”

“…Complications of this procedure may include bladder mucosal prolapse through the stoma, urine scald on the ventrum of the animal, stricture of the stoma, and ascending urinary tract infections through the marsupialization site. 19,20 Published success rates for small ruminants range from 66% to 94%. 19,20 Hospitalization is expected to be shorter than tube cystostomy (mean of 4 days versus 14 days), which may reduce cost associated with the procedure.…”

Reconstrução uretral com retalho autógeno de mucosa bucal após uretrostomia, em cães

“…Embora este seja considerado um método apropriado para o homem, sua adoção para o cão neste experimento seria questioná-vel, pois ainda que as gaiolas fossem higienizadas diariamente, é praticamente impossível manter as condições sanitárias essenciais para evitar a contaminação ascendente do trato urinário. Em estudo feito em caprinos machos submetidos à marsupialização vesical, pode-se observar o desenvolvimento de cistite supurativa, o que permitiu aos autores concluir que a limpeza do ambiente bem como do abdô-men do animal, deve ser considerada primordial para o impedimento da instalação de infecção no sítio de drenagem vesical 18 . A cistite observada em todos os animais pode ser atribuída à permanência intravesical do cateter, o que é sustentado por relatos que afirmam que o cateterismo vesical está entre os fatores que podem promover infecção do trato urinário 19 .…”