Experimental Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Resveratrol as an Antioxidant in Colon Cancer Prevention

Abstract

According to the WHO, cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and the third most common cancer is colorectal. A significant etiological factor for carcinogenesis might be oxidative stress. Chemoprevention by consuming natural antioxidants has great perspectives in the struggle to control cancer because it is available and affordable for the wide population. Studies by diverse research groups discovered that grapes, as well as grape-based products, are exceptional sources of the polyphenolic compound resveratrol, which has powerful antioxidant properties. Despite the great number of publications on the anticancer effectiveness of resveratrol, they were all aimed at studying its action once the condition was established. This experiment was the first to study the dynamics of the anticancer activity of resveratrol in the development of chemically induced colorectal cancer. Administrating resveratrol along with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) during 30 weeks led to the inhibition of oxidative stress manifestations, in particular, lipid peroxidation. Our research showed that the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in blood serum was 85.1%, 214.6%, and 276.9% lower on the third, fifth, and seventh months of the experiment in the group of rats that obtained resveratrol, compared with the animals affected only by DMH. In the fifth month of the experiment, we noticed that the GPx activity in blood serum was 1.54 times higher than the DMH-control level. During the next 8 weeks, this indicator decreased. The activity of glutathione reductase increased by 2 times in the seventh month, compared with the DMH-control. Histologically resveratrol decelerated the development of the tumor. After 30 weeks of experiment, rats that were receiving only DMH had developed colon adenocarcinoma in situ. In contrast to them, morphological changes in the colon tissue of the animals that obtained resveratrol + DMH could be characterized as signs of mucous colitis.

Polyphenols and Pharmacological Screening of a Monarda fistulosa L. dry Extract Based on a Hydrodistilled Residue By-Product

“…Origanum vulgare extracts demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity among the other Lamiaceae species that is in line with the high contents of rosmarinic acid and other polyphenols. A lot of phenolic compounds demonstrated the free radicals scavenging and anti-inflammatory effects that could have preventive or therapeutic effects for neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases and cancer ( Cory et al, 2018 ; Rytsyk et al, 2020 ). Some polyphenols exert even higher antioxidant activity than vitamins ( Brglez Mojzer et al, 2016 ; Spagnol et al, 2019 ).…”

Traditional Chinese Medicine and Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Drug Discovery

“…Resveratrol also induced p53 in CRC through elevating the expression of SET domain containing lysine methyltransferase 7/9 (SET7/9) ( Liu et al, 2019a ). Also, consistent with its long-standing antioxidant effect, resveratrol has been shown to exhaust the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in blood serum and retard the development of the tumor, in a SD rat model of colon cancer ( Rytsyk et al, 2020 ). In addition to these mechanisms mentioned above, resveratrol could also engender the anti-CRC effect via inhibiting cross talk between CRC cells and stromal cells in the multicellular tumor microenvironment ( Buhrmann et al, 2020 ) and reversing the drug resistance of chemotherapy ( Huang et al, 2019 ).…”

histopatología: una herramienta imprescindible en el estudio de moléculas antioxidantes con actividad terapéutica.

“…El resveratrol (3,4,5-trihidroxiestilbeno) es una fitoalexina producida por plantas como Vitis vinífera, su actividad antioxidante es 5 veces mejor que la del betacaroteno, 50 veces mejor que la de la vitamina E y 20 veces mejor que la de la vitamina C. Después de 30 semanas de inyección de DMH, se demostró histológicamente una severa displasia del epitelio de la mucosa del colon, que se comprobó por criterios tales como hipercromasia nuclear, atipia celular, nucleomegalia y aumento de la relación núcleo-citoplasma. (Figura 4) (41) Sin embargo, en el caso del grupo tratado con DMH y resveratrol, el análisis morfológico evidenció cambios morfológicos tipo colitis; por lo tanto, el uso del resveratrol suprimió el desarrollo de neoplasia en este grupo. (Figura 5) A pesar de que en este estudio fueron evaluados otros biomarcadores de EO y daño tisular, fue el estudio histológico el que permitió comprobar el desarrollo de la patología en los animales en estudio y el efecto del resveratrol.…”

“…(Figura 5) A pesar de que en este estudio fueron evaluados otros biomarcadores de EO y daño tisular, fue el estudio histológico el que permitió comprobar el desarrollo de la patología en los animales en estudio y el efecto del resveratrol. (41) Un estudio reportado por Kaewdana y col., (42) evaluó las actividades antioxidante y antipalúdica del extracto de raíz de Sophora exigua en ratones infectados con Plasmodium berghei. Los efectos de las EROs en la malaria pueden ser tanto beneficiosos como patológicos dependiendo de la cantidad y el lugar de producción.…”